Volume 44

1 July to 10 November 1804

Volume Details

Description

Aaron Burr fells Alexander Hamilton in a duel at Weehawken, New Jersey, in July, but Jefferson, caring little for either adversary or for disruptive partisan warfare, gives the event only limited notice. Through the summer and into the autumn, he contends with the problem of filling the offices necessary for the establishment of Orleans Territory on 1 October. In this he is constrained by his lack of knowledge about potential officeholders. Meanwhile, a delegation with a memorial from disgruntled Louisianians travels to Washington. In August, the U.S. Mediterranean squadron bombards Tripoli. The United States has uneasy relationships around its periphery. Jefferson compiles information on British “aggressions” in American ports and waters, and drafts a bill to allow federal judges and state governors to call on military assistance when British commanders spurn civil authority. Another bill seeks to prevent merchant ships from arming for trade with Haiti. Contested claims to West Florida, access to the Gulf of Mexico, tensions along the Texas-Louisiana boundary, and unresolved maritime claims exacerbate relations with Spain. Jefferson continues his policy of pushing Native American nations to give up their lands east of the Mississippi River. Yellow fever has devastating effects in New Orleans. In October, Abigail Adams terminates the brief revival of their correspondence, musing: “Affection still lingers in the Bosom, even after esteem has taken its flight.” In his annual message in November, Jefferson urges Congress to “advance the general good.” He commences a systematic, long-running record to manage his guest lists for official dinners.

Table of Contents

Foreword	vii
Acknowledgments	xv
Editorial Method and Apparatus	xvii
Illustrations	xlvii
Jefferson Chronology	2

1804

From Abigail Adams, 1 July		3
From Samuel H. Baker, 1 July		6
From William C. C. Claiborne, 1 July		7
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 1 July		9
From Ephraim Kirby, 1 July		12
From Lafayette, 1 July		13
From John Taylor, 1 July		13
From James Wilkinson, with Jefferson’s Note, enclosing Character Sketches of Orleans Residents, with Jefferson’s Notes, and Comments on Orleans Residents, with Jefferson’s Notes, 1 July		14
From William O. Callis, 2 July		24
From Albert Gallatin, 2 July		25
From Albert Gallatin, 2 July		27
From J. P. G. Muhlenberg, 2 July		28
To Thomas Munroe, 2 July		28
Notes on Washington Highways, [ca. 2 July]		29
From Edmund Searcy, 2 July		30
From George Twyman, [before 3 July]		31
To Albert Gallatin, 3 July		31
From Bishop James Madison, 3 July		32
From Thomas Munroe, 3 July		33
From Robert Smith, 3 July		33
From Peter Freneau, 4 July		34
Notes on Dispatches from William C. C. Claiborne, 4 July		35
To Robert Smith, 4 July		36
From Theodorus Bailey, 5 July		37
From William Cocke, 5 July		37
From Daniel French, 5 July		39
To James Madison, 5 July		46
To James Madison, 5 July		47
From Craven Peyton, 5 July		49
From James Wilkinson, 5 July		49
To James Madison, 6 July		50
From Thomas Munroe, 6 July		50
To Robert Smith, 6 July		51
From Robert Smith, 6 July		51
To William C. C. Claiborne, 7 July		52
From Thomas Munroe, 7 July		55
From Anonymous, 8 July		55
To Thomas Munroe, 8 July		56
From Jacques Tanesse, 8 July		56
From Albert Gallatin, 9 July		57
From Louis André Pichon, 9 July		57
To William Short, 9 July		58
Petition of James Snow, with Jefferson’s Order, 9 July		59
To Thomas Whitney, 9 July		60
To Victor Marie du Pont, 10 July		61
Invoice from Henry Ingle, 10 [July]		61
To Jones & Howell, 10 July		62
From John Page, 10 July		62
From Samuel Smith, 10 July		62
From Thomas Truxtun, 10 July		63
To John Armstrong of New York, 11 July		67
To Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 11 July		68
To Fulwar Skipwith, 11 July		69
To Albert Gallatin, 12 July		70
From Thomas Munroe, 12 July		71
To White Hair and Others, 12 July		72
Notes on Speeches of White Hair and Dog Soldier, [12 July]		73
From Abraham Bishop, enclosing Memorial of Merchants of New Haven, with Jefferson’s Query, 13 July		75
From Joseph Donath, 13 July		76
From Jones & Howell, 13 July		76
From Thomas Munroe, 13 July		76
Notes on Appointments, [on or before 13 July]		77
To Robert Smith, 13 July		77
To the Ursuline Nuns of New Orleans, [13 July]		78
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 13 July		79
Notes on Upper Louisiana, [before 14 July]		80
From Richard Claiborne, 14 July		83
From Jacob Crowninshield, 14 July, enclosing Memorandum on a Shipment of Halibut and Cod, 13 July		84
From Henry Dearborn, 14 July		87
From Susannah Bolton Finch, 14 July		88
To William Henry Harrison, 14 July		89
To James Madison, 14 July		90
To Thomas Munroe, 14 July		91
To Thomas Munroe, 14 July		92
From Thomas Munroe, 14 July		92
From Thomas Munroe, 14 July		93
To Thomas Munroe, 15 July		94
From Robert Smith, 15 July		94
From Richard Cutts, 16 July		95
To Dog Soldier, 16 July		95
From Victor Marie du Pont & Co., 16 July		96
From John Wayles Eppes, 16 July		97
To White Hair and Others, 16 July		98
Notes on Reply of White Hair, 16 July		101
To William C. C. Claiborne, 17 July		101
From Alexander J. Dallas, 17 July		102
To William Dunbar, 17 July		103
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 17 July		105
To Cato West, 17 July		105
From Albert Gallatin, 18 July		106
From Ebenezer Hoppe, 18 July		107
From Benjamin Lincoln, 18 July		109
From John Marrast, 18 July		109
To Philip Mazzei, 18 July		110
From William Roberts, [18 July]		113
To Thomas Appleton, 19 July		114
To William O. Callis, 19 July		115
To William Jarvis, 19 July		115
From Philip Mazzei, 19 July		116
From William Short, 19 July		117
From Robert Smith, 19 July		117
To Samuel Harrison Smith, [19 July]		118
To Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 19 July		119
To John Armstrong of New York, 20 July		120
To James Brown, 20 July		120
To Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 20 July		120
To Dominick A. Hall, 20 July		121
To Wade Hampton, 20 July		122
To William Jarvis, 20 July		122
To Richard Kennon, 20 July		123
To James Maury, 20 July		123
To John B. Prevost, 20 July		124
From Robert Smith, 20 July		125
From Samuel Harrison Smith, 20 July		125
To Thomas Sumter, Sr., 20 July		126
To Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 20 July		126
To Jacob Crowninshield, 21 July		127
To Alexander J. Dallas, 21 July		127
From Alexander J. Dallas, 21 July		128
From Brockholst Livingston, 21 July		128
From Robert Smith, 21 July		129
To Abigail Adams, 22 July		129
To Daniel Carroll Brent, 22 July		131
To George Jefferson, 22 July		131
From Charles Willson Peale, 22 July		132
From Antonio Porcile, 22 July		133
To William Short, 22 July		136
Notes on Shipment, [before 23 July]		136
Petition of Thomas Duffy (Thomas Rustic), 23 July		137
Contract for Purchase of John Freeman, 23 July		139
From Albert Gallatin, 23 July		141
From Albert Gallatin, 23 July		142
From Constantine S. Rafinesque, 23 July		143
From Robert Smith, 23 July		144
From Pierre Auguste Adet, 24 July		145
From Charles Willson Peale, 24 July		147
From John Boanson, 25 July		148
From James Cheetham, 25 July		149
From Ellen Wayles Randolph, [before 26] July		152
From Gabriel Duvall, 26 July		153
From Albert Gallatin, 26 July		153
From John B. Prevost, 26 July		155
From Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 27 July		156
To William Kilty, 27 July		157
To James Madison, 27 July		157
From Thomas Law, 28 July		158
From Charles M. Poor, 28 July		158
To William Frederick Ast, 29 July		159
To Alexander J. Dallas, 29 July		160
From John Wayles Eppes, 29 July		160
To Albert Gallatin, 29 July		161
To George Jefferson, 29 July		162
To Étienne Lemaire, 29 July		162
From Samuel Lewis, Sr., 29 July		163
To Constantine S. Rafinesque, 29 July		163
From Thomas Munroe, 31 July		164
To Samuel Harrison Smith, 31 July		166
Notes on Appointments, [ca. July]		168
From William Kilty, 1 August		171
From Elkanah Watson, 1 August		171
From William Kilty, 2 August		172
From Peter Kuhn, Sr., 2 August		173
From John Ewing Porter, 2 August		173
From John Armstrong of New York, 3 August		174
To Elias Boudinot, 3 August		175
From Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 3 August		175
To Henry Dearborn, 3 August		178
From Michael Fortune, 3 August		179
To Albert Gallatin, 3 August		179
To Peter Lenox, 3 August		181
To James Madison, 3 August		181
From Jonathan Morgan, Jr., 3 August		181
To Robert Smith, 3 August		183
To William Thornton, 3 August		184
To Benjamin Hawkins, 4 August		184
From James Madison, 4 August		184
To Thomas Munroe, 4 August		187
Notes on Information from Isaac Briggs, [on or before 4 August]		188
From Richard Kennon, 5 August		188
From John Thomson Mason, 5 August		189
From Richard Richardson, 5 August		190
From Isaac Neufville, 6 August		192
From Thomas Newton, 6 August		192
From Vicomte de Pastey, [6 August]		193
From Daniel Brent, 7 August		193
From John C. Delacoste, 7 August		194
To John Wayles Eppes, 7 August		195
To Albert Gallatin, 7 August		196
From Levett Harris, 7 August		196
To James Madison, 7 August		198
From James Madison, 7 August		200
To Henry Dearborn, 8 August		200
To Albert Gallatin, 8 August		201
From James T. Leonard, 8 August		202
From John Mason, 8 August		203
To Wilson Cary Nicholas, 8 August		203
To Benjamin Rush, 8 August		204
From Samuel Harrison Smith, 8 August		205
From Gideon Granger, 9 August		206
From Dominick A. Hall, 9 August		207
From Philip Turpin, 9 August		208
From John Brown, 10 August		209
From William Cranch and Nicholas Fitzhugh, with Jefferson’s Order, enclosing Petition of Charles Brown, 10 August		209
From William Branch Giles, 11 August		211
From Étienne Lemaire, 11 August		211
From Cato West, 11 August		212
To Henry Dearborn, 12 August		212
To Victor Marie du Pont, 12 August		213
To Walter Jones, Jr., 12 August		213
To John Thomson Mason, 12 August		214
To Samuel Harrison Smith, 12 August		214
To George Jefferson, 13 August		215
From James Madison, 13 August		215
From James Madison, 14 August		219
From Thomas McKean, 14 August		220
From John Page, 14 August		221
To John C. Delacoste, 15 August		221
From Charles W. Goldsborough, 15 August		222
To Richard Kennon, 15 August		222
To James T. Leonard, 15 August		223
To James Madison, 15 August		223
Petition of George McFarlane, 15 August		224
To Richard Richardson, 15 August		225
From Joseph Briggs, 16 August		226
From William Cranch and Nicholas Fitzhugh, with Jefferson’s Order, 16 August		227
From Albert Gallatin, 16 August		227
From Thomas Leiper, 16 August		229
To James Madison, 16 August		233
From James Madison, 16 August		234
To John Page, 16 August		235
To John Smith of the War Department, 16 August		236
To Jacob Wagner, 16 August		236
From Joseph Briggs, enclosing Legislative Council Recommendations, 17 August		237
From Gabriel Duvall, 17 August		239
From Madame de Tessé, 17 August		240
From Abigail Adams, 18 August		243
To John Barnes, 18 August		245
From Daniel Carroll Brent, 18 August		245
From John Coles of Boston, 18 August		246
To William Curtis, 18 August		248
From William Dunbar, 18 August		250
From William M. Finlay, 18 August		251
To George Jefferson, 18 August		252
To James Madison, 18 August		252
From James Madison, 18 August		253
From John Thomson Mason, 18 August		255
To Henry Dearborn, 19 August		256
To James Madison, 19 August		256
To Thomas McKean, 19 August		257
To Charles Willson Peale, 19 August		258
From Charles Willson Peale, 19 August		259
To William Pelham, 19 August		260
From Robert Williams, 19 August		260
From Joel Barlow, 20 August		261
From Jean André Chrestien, 20 August		262
From Albert Gallatin, 20 August		263
From Thomas Truxtun, 20 August		268
From Christophe Winckelblech, 20 August		270
From John Barnes, 21 August		272
From James Madison, 21 August		274
From Hezekiah Rogers, 21 August		275
From John Marrast, 22 August		277
From Henry Dearborn, 23 August		278
From Henry Dearborn, 23 August		279
To Albert Gallatin, 23 August		279
From Abraham Husted, Jr., 23 August		280
To James Madison, 23 August		281
From Charles Pougens, 23 August		282
Petition of Puckshunubbee and Homastubbee, 23 August		283
To Jacob Wagner, 23 August		284
From Thomas W. Waters, 23 August		284
From Jean Decout, 24 August		286
To Napoleon, Emperor of the French, 24 August		289
From Richard Richardson, 24 August		290
From John Smith of the War Department, 24 August		291
From James Brown, 25 August		291
From James Madison, 25 August		292
From Garrett Elliott Pendergrast, 25 August		293
From John Reed, 25 August		294
From Alpheus Rouse, 26 August		295
From Robert Ware Peacock, 27 August		297
From Charles Willson Peale, 27 August		297
From William Curtis, 28 August		299
From Simeon De Witt, 28 August		300
From James Madison, 28 August		300
To Robert Smith, 28 August		302
From Jacob Wagner, 28 August		303
From William C. C. Claiborne, 29 August		303
From Benjamin Rush, 29 August		304
Notes on Appointments, [before 30 August]		305
To William C. C. Claiborne, 30 August		306
From William C. C. Claiborne, 30 August		308
To Henry Dearborn, 30 August		314
From Albert Gallatin, 30 August		315
From Philip Mazzei, 30 August		316
From Sylvanus Bourne, 31 August		325
From Elizabeth House Trist, 31 August		325
From William C. C. Claiborne, 1 September		326
To Albert Gallatin, 1 September		327
From John M. Gelston, enclosing Memorial from New Orleans Merchants, 1 September		329
From Isaac Jefferson of Boston, 1 September		330
From Thomas Appleton, 2 September		331
To John Barnes, 2 September		332
From Isaac Briggs, 2 September		334
From Gideon Granger, 2 September		335
From Nathaniel Macon, 2 September		336
From “Timothy Scrape,” 2 September		337
From John Sibley, 2 September		338
From Gabriel Duvall, 3 September		340
From Robert Smith, 3 September		341
Notes on Roofing, [before 4 September]		342
From Albert Gallatin, 4 September		345
To Jones & Howell, 4 September		346
From John M. O’Harnett, 4 September		347
From Richard Kennon, 5 September		349
To Henry Dearborn, 6 September		349
From Gideon Granger, 6 September		350
From Justus Le Beau, 6 September		351
To James Madison, 6 September		354
To Robert Smith, 6 September		355
From Carlos Martínez de Irujo, 7 September		356
From William Jackson, enclosing Statement Regarding a Conversation with Carlos Martínez de Irujo, 7 September		357
From William C. C. Claiborne, 8 September		359
From George Doherty, 8 September		360
To Albert Gallatin, 8 September		361
From James Madison, 8 September		362
Notes for Consultation with James Madison, [on or after 8 September]		364
From Samuel Smith, 8 September		365
To Robert Bailey, 9 September		366
To Jean Decout, 9 September		367
From Ferdinando Fairfax, 9 September		367
From William Jackson, 9 September		369
From “An Observer,” 9 September		370
From Robert Smith, 9 September		371
From Henry Terrell, 9 September		372
From Elizabeth House Trist, 9 September		374
From Gabriel Duvall, 10 September		375
To Abraham Husted, Jr., 10 September		376
To William Jones, 10 September		376
From Allan B. Magruder, 10 September		377
To Abigail Adams, 11 September		379
From Anonymous, [on or before 11 September]		382
From William Lee, enclosing Invoice for Wines and Food, 12 September		382
From Abraham Bradley, Jr., enclosing Map of Mail Routes in Pennsylvania, 13 September		384
From William C. C. Claiborne, 13 September		387
From Henry Dearborn, 13 September		388
To Ferdinando Fairfax, 13 September		390
Petition of John McFarlane, with Jefferson’s Order, 13 September		390
From William Alexander, 14 September		392
From John Cockle, 14 September		393
From John Monroe, 14 September		394
From Robert Smith, 14 September		395
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 14 September		396
To Carlos Martínez de Irujo, 15 September		397
To William Jackson, 15 September		398
From Jones & Howell, 15 September		399
To Charles Willson Peale, 15 September		399
From John Wayles Eppes, 16 September		400
From Thomas Leiper, 16 September		400
To Levi Lincoln, 16 September		402
From John Page, 16 September		403
From Edmund Randolph, 16 September		405
From Francis Abraham, 17 September		406
From Ebenezer Blachly, Jr., 17 September		406
To Gideon Fitz, 17 September		407
From Étienne Lemaire, 17 [September]		408
From Thomas M. Potter, 17 September		409
From Thomas Sumter, Sr., 17 September		410
From William C. C. Claiborne, 18 September		411
From John Coles, 18 September		412
From Albert Gallatin, 18 September		412
From Thomas Worthington, 18 September		414
From David Gelston, 20 September		414
From Edward Pole, 20 September		414
To William Short, 20 September		415
From Jacob Wagner, 20 September		417
From Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 22 September		417
From James Madison, 22 September		423
To John B. Magruder, 23 September		424
From Charles Willson Peale, 23 September		425
From Archibald Stuart, 23 September		426
Memorandum of Tasks for James Dinsmore, 24 September		427
Memorandum of Tasks for John Hemings, [24 September]		428
Memorandum of Tasks for John Perry, 24 September		428
From George Newbold, 24 September		429
From Gideon Granger, 25 September		429
To Étienne Lemaire, 25 September		430
List of Letters Received from Carlos Martínez de Irujo, 25 September		430
To James Madison, 25 September		431
From James Monroe, 25 September		432
From James Old, 25 September		436
From Thomas Truxtun, 25 September		436
From Matthew C. Groves, 26 September		437
From James Maury, 26 September		441
From William C. C. Claiborne, 27 September		442
From Nicolas Gouin Dufief, 27 September		443
To John Harvie, 27 September		444
From Benjamin Harwood, 28 September		444
From John F. Mercer, 28 September		445
From William Kilty, 29 September		446
From Charles François d’Anmours, 30 September		446
From Thomas T. Davis, 30 September		447
From Allen Bowie Duckett, 30 [September]		448
To Archibald Stuart, [September?]		449
From Jean Étienne Boré and Others, 1 October		449
From Philip B. Bradley, 1 October		452
From David Campbell, 1 October		453
From Giovanni Fabbroni, 1 October		455
From Albert Gallatin, 1 October		455
From William Jones, 1 October		456
From William Kilty, 1 October		457
From John Randall, 1 October		458
From Isaac Briggs, 2 October		459
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 2 October		462
From Albert Gallatin, enclosing List of Candidates for Minister to Spain, [2 October]		463
From Chauncy Hall, 2 October		464
From William Kilty, 2 October		465
From James Madison, 2 October		466
Memorandum from Thomas Munroe, 2 October		467
From Pierce Butler, 3 October		468
From Joseph Cabrera, 3 October		468
From William Eustis, 3 October		473
From Samuel Hanson, 3 October		474
To Albert Gallatin, 4 October		474
From George Jefferson, 4 October		475
From Robert K. Lowry, 4 October		475
To the State Department, 4 October		476
To Thomas Truxtun, 4 October		477
From William C. C. Claiborne, 5 October		477
From Albert Gallatin, 5 October		480
From George Ingels, 5 October		481
To George Jefferson, 5 October		482
To Jones & Howell, 5 October		482
To Benjamin H. Latrobe, 5 October		483
To Allan B. Magruder, 5 October		484
Notes on Appointments, [on or before 5 October]		485
Petition of Charles Smallwood, with Jefferson’s Order, [on or before 5 October]		485
From Jacob Wagner, with Notes for a Reply, [5 October]		487
To Jacob Wagner, 5 October		487
From David Austin, 6 October		488
To DeWitt Clinton, 6 October		488
From “A Friend to Merit,” 6 October		489
From William Jarvis, 6 October		492
To Charles Willson Peale, 6 October		493
From James Oldham, 7 October		494
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 7 October		495
From Daniel Baldwin, 8 October		496
From Joseph Barnes, 8 October		497
From Jonathan Cumings, 8 October		500
Petition of Henny Day, with Jefferson’s Order, [on or before 8 October]		501
From William Fleischer, 8 October		501
To George Jefferson, 8 October		502
From Lafayette, 8 October		503
Notes on a Cabinet Meeting, 8 October		507
From Charles Willson Peale, 8 October		508
From William Poole, Cyrus Newlin, and Robert Newlin, 8 October		509
From Henry Dearborn, 9 October		510
To John F. Mercer, 9 October		510
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 9 October		511
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 9 October		511
From Justus Erich Bollmann, 10 October		514
From William Lee, 10 October		515
From George Jefferson, 11 October		518
From Benjamin H. Latrobe, 11 October		519
To James Oldham, 11 October		519
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 11 October		520
To Carlos IV, King of Spain, 12 October		522
From Pierre Chouteau, 12 October		522
From Albert Gallatin, 12 October		524
From George Jefferson, 12 October		525
To James Madison, 12 October		525
To William Fleischer, 13 October		525
To Albert Gallatin, 13 October		526
To John Marrast, 13 October		526
To Charles Willson Peale, 13 October		527
To Carlos IV, King of Spain, 14 October		527
From Peter Freneau, 14 October		528
From Levi Lincoln, 14 October		529
To Robert Smith, 14 October		533
From Robert Butler, 15 October		533
From William Dunbar, 15 October		534
From Albert Gallatin, 15 October		536
To John M. Gelston, 15 October		537
To George Jefferson, 15 October		538
From Meriwether Jones, 15 October		539
From Nicholas King, 15 October		539
From James Madison, [on or before 15 October]		542
From Caesar A. Rodney, 15 October		542
From John Rush, [on or before 15 October]		544
From Matthew Wing, 15 October		545
From Thomas Worthington, 15 October		546
From Albert Gallatin, with Jefferson’s Note, [after 15 October?]		546
From James Gamble, 16 October		547
To Justus Erich Bollmann, 17 October		549
From Uriah Smith, 17 October		550
From Christopher Greenup, 18 October		551
From Abiel Holmes, 18 October		551
From Benjamin H. Latrobe, 18 October		552
From Meyer, enclosing List of Seeds, 18 October		552
From Gideon Fitz, 19 October		554
From Albert Gallatin, [19 October]		555
From Horatio Gates, 19 October		556
To Meriwether Jones, 19 October		557
From John F. Mercer, 19 October		558
From John Rowan, 19 October		568
From Thomas Hart and Others, 20 October		569
From Jones & Howell, 20 October		570
Memorandum for Henry Dearborn on Indian Policy, 20 October		570
Notes on Choctaw Indian Lands, [on or before 20 October]		572
From Charles Smith, 20 October		573
From “A True Republican,” [before 21 October]		573
From Phebe Baldwin, 21 October		574
From Edmund Custis, 21 October		575
From George Fowler, with Jefferson’s Note, 21 October		576
From James Oldham, 21 October		576
From Edward Tiffin and Others, [before 22 October]		577
Bill for Preservation of Peace in Harbors and Waters		578
I.	Bill for the Preservation of Peace in Harbors and Waters of the United States, [on or before 22 October]	579
II.	From Henry Dearborn, [22 October]	583
III.	From Robert Smith, [25 October]	584
From John Bird, 22 October		585
From John Breckinridge, 22 October		586
From William C. C. Claiborne, 22 October		586
From Henry Dearborn, 22 October		587
From James McPherson and Isaac Zane, 22 October		588
From John Beckley, 23 October		589
Bill to Regulate the Clearance of Armed Vessels		591
I.	James Madison’s Remarks on a Draft, [23 October]	592
II.	Draft Bill, [on or after 23 October]	593
III.	Robert Smith’s Remarks on the Draft, [27 October]	594
IV.	Henry Dearborn’s Remarks on the Draft, 28 October	594
From Caldcleugh & Thomas, 23 October		595
From Henry Dearborn, 23 October		596
From Henry Dearborn, 24 October		598
From Albert Gallatin, [24 October]		598
From Richard Harrison, 24 October		598
From Benjamin H. Latrobe, 24 October		599
From Abigail Adams, 25 October		600
From Samuel A. Otis, 25 October		602
From Robert Smith, [25 October]		602
From Robert Smith, [25 October]		603
From Albert Gallatin, [on or after 26 October]		603
From William Kilty and Nicholas Fitzhugh, with Jefferson’s Order, 26 October		604
From Nicholas Meriwether Lewis, 26 October		605
To John Rush, 26 October		605
From Joseph Chambers, 27 October		606
From William C. C. Claiborne, 27 October		606
From John Parrish, 27 October		609
From N. D. F. de Saint-Paul, 27 October		611
From Justus Erich Bollmann, 28 October		612
To Caldcleugh & Thomas, 28 October		613
To William C. C. Claiborne, 28 October		613
From Antoine Gouan, 28 October		614
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 28 October		616
From William Stephens, 28 October		617
From Eben French, 29 October		618
From Albert Gallatin, 29 October		619
From John Haskell, 29 October		619
From Elizabeth C. Leiper, 29 October		622
From John Page, 29 October		623
From Amos Stoddard, 29 October		625
From Charles Willson Peale, 30 October		625
From Robert Simons, 30 October		627
From Nicolai Henrich Weinwich, 30 October		627
From Cornelius C. Blachly, 31 October		628
From Albert Gallatin, 31 October		629
Notes on Tensions with Spain and Great Britain, [October]		629
From William C. C. Claiborne, 1 November		630
To Henry Dearborn, 1 November		631
To Albert Gallatin, 1 November		632
From Albert Gallatin, [1 November]		632
From Enoch Hazard, 3 November		633
From William Herries, 3 November		634
To Benjamin H. Latrobe, 3 November		636
From John Page, 3 November		637
From John Page, 3 November		638
From John Page, 3 November		638
From William C. C. Claiborne, 4 November		639
From Emilia Jervis, 4 November		640
From Henry Dearborn, 5 November		641
Memorandum from Albert Gallatin, [5 November]		642
From James Lyle, 5 November		643
From Louis André Pichon, 5 November		643
From Philippe Reibelt, enclosing List of Books Sent to Jefferson, 5 November		644
From William Short, 5 November		646
From William Henry Harrison, 6 November		648
To Reuben Lewis, 6 November		650
From William McFarland, 6 November		650
Memorandum on Commissions for the Legislative Council of Orleans Territory, [on or after 6 November]		652
Notes on Candidates for the Legislative Council of Orleans Territory, [on or after 6 November]		653
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 6 November		654
From Alexander I, Emperor of Russia, 7 November		654
From James Brobson, 7 November		656
From Pierre Chouteau, 7 November		656
From Henry Dearborn, 7 November		658
Memorandum from Albert Gallatin, [7 November]		659
To Charles Willson Peale, 7 November		659
From Robert Smith, enclosing Naval Appointments, 7 November		660
Annual Message to Congress		662
I.	Draft of the Annual Message, [on or before 25 October]	663
II.	James Madison’s Remarks on the Draft, [25 October]	669
III.	Henry Dearborn’s Remarks on the Draft, [29 October]	670
IV.	Albert Gallatin’s Remarks on the Draft, 29 October	670
V.	Gallatin’s Remarks on the Draft, [29 October]	671
VI.	Robert Smith’s Remarks on the Draft, [31 October]	676
VII.	Gallatin’s Memorandum on Finances, [ca. 1 November]	676
VIII.	Gallatin’s Draft of the Financial Section, [1 November]	677
IX.	Gallatin’s Revised Draft of the Financial Section, [on or after 1 November]	678
X.	Draft of the Financial Section and Conclusion, [on or before 8 November]	679
XI.	Annual Message to Congress, 8 November	680
From Caldcleugh & Thomas, 8 November		685
From Albert Gallatin, [8 November]		686
From Rodominick H. Gilmer, enclosing Memorial from Washington County, Mississippi Territory, 8 November		686
List of Interim Appointments, [8 November]		688
From James Yard, 8 November		691
To Henry Dearborn, 9 November		691
From Henry Dearborn, enclosing Army Appointments, 9 November		692
From William Dunbar, 9 November		693
From Albert Gallatin, [9 November]		694
From William Keteltas, 9 November		695
From Benjamin H. Latrobe, 9 November		695
From Joseph Marie Lequinio de Kerblay, [9 November]		697
From Samuel A. Otis, 9 November		697
From Louis André Pichon, 9 November		698
From Edward Roche, 9 November		698
To the Senate, 9 November		702
To the Senate, 9 November		703
From S. Smith & Buchanan, 9 November		704
From William C. C. Claiborne, 10 November		704
To Albert Gallatin, 10 November		705
To George Jefferson, 10 November		706
To John Page, 10 November		706
To William Short, 10 November		707
From Larkin Smith, 10 November		708
From James Wilkinson, 10 November		709

APPENDICES

Appendix I: List of Appointments, [3 July-13 October]			711
Appendix II: Dinner Guest Records			714
1.	List of Members of Eighth Congress, Second Session, November		715
2.	Dinner Attendance by Members of Congress, [5 November 1804-27 February 1805]		720
3.	Dinners by Date, [5-9 November]		726
Appendix III: Letters Not Printed in Full			728
Appendix IV: Letters Not Found			729
Appendix V: Financial Documents			734
Index		735

Index

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

Abbadie, Jacques

Traité de la divinité de nôtre seigneur Jesus-Christ (Jacques Abbadie), 304, 305n

Abbottstown, Pa., 386

Abolition Society of Wilmington, Del., 509

Abraham, Francis

letter from, 406

asks TJ for a loan, 406

identified, 406n

Acerbi, Giuseppe

Travels through Sweden, Finland, and Lapland, 645

“Acquisition of Louisiana” (Michael Fortune), 179

Active (brig), 363-5

Active (ship), 595, 596n

Acton, Sir John Francis Edward, 317, 321

Adair, James

History of the American Indians, 484, 485n

Adams, Abigail

letters to, 129-31, 379-81

letters from, 3-6, 243-5, 600-1

closes correspondence with TJ, xii, l, 601

sends condolences to TJ, xlix

criticizes TJ’s support of Callender, xlix-l, 4-6, 243-5, 600

portrait by Stuart, xlix-l, 354 (illus.)

TJ defends his conduct to, xlix-l, 129-31, 379-81

and TJ’s removal of J. Q. Adams, xlix-l, 244-5, 379-80, 600-1

defends J. Adams’s late-term appointments, 3-4

Adams, Dudley, 542n

Adams, Fort, 206

Adams, George, 542n

Adams, George, Jr., 542n

Adams, John

conduct as president defended by A. Adams, 3-4

late-term appointments, 3-4

TJ’s respect for, 129-30, 244, 380, 381

criticism of, 372

appointments by, 392

comments on A. Adams’s correspondence with TJ, 601n

administration compared with TJ’s, 619-21

and use of military volunteers, 674, 675n

Adams, John Quincy

and Stuart’s portrait of A. Adams, l

removal as bankruptcy commissioner, 244-5, 379-80, 600-1

member of Eighth Congress, 719

dines with TJ, 724

Adams, Louisa Catherine Johnson, 58n

Adams, Samuel, 112, 113n

Adams family (London), 541, 542n

Addington, Henry, 217n

Adet, Pierre Auguste

letter from, 145-7

Leçons élémentaires de chimie, 145-7

sends news, thanks TJ for his letter, 145-7

agriculture. See Jefferson, Thomas: Agriculture

Airth, David, 218n

Alabama, 110n

Alabama River, 184

Albemarle Co., Va.

courts, 49

sheriff, 436n

Fredericksville Parish, 482n

St. Anne’s Parish, 482n

Albion (brig), 109

alcoholism

among Indians, 78

in navy, 144

writings on, 204, 205n

among office seekers, 389, 401, 650-1

Alexander, Alexander, 392-3

Alexander, Alexander, Jr., 392

Alexander, Charles, 138

Alexander, Nathaniel, 718, 723

Alexander, Robert, Jr., 193n, 245-6, 689, 702

Alexander, William (S.C.)

letter from, 392-3

seeks appointment, 392-3

Alexander I, Emperor of Russia

letter from, 654-5

intercedes on behalf of crew of the Philadelphia, x, 198n, 423, 424n, 654, 655

reputation as a reformer, 196-7

bust of, sent to TJ, 198, 704

protests French infractions in Baden, 217n

encourages trade, friendly relations with U.S., 654-5

Alexandria, Bank of, 368, 369n

Alexandria, D.C.

jail, 137, 224-5

yellow fever in, 235

See also District of Columbia

Alfred (ship), 222

Algiers

annuity payments to, 28n

relations with U.S., 176, 665

and plague, 404

Alien Enemies Act (1798), 621

Alien Friends Act (1798), 347, 349n, 372, 583, 621

aliens. See immigrants

Allard, Mr. (Orleans Terr.)

characterized, 16, 18, 20

Allen, Benjamin, 294

Allen, Hannibal M., 692

Allen, Mr., 686, 706

Alling, Hotchkiss & Co. (New Haven, Conn.), 75n

alphabets, 628-9

Alston, Willis, 718, 721

American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 552n

American Annals (Abiel Holmes), 551-2

“American Citizen” (pseudonym)

reports Spanish payments to Wilkinson, 555

identified as Derbigny, 555n

American Citizen and General Advertiser (New York)

reports on British frigates at New York, ix-x, 402-3

offered for sale, 151, 152n

See also Cheetham, James

American Colonization Society, 214n

American Crisis (Thomas Paine), 699

American Mercury (Hartford), 336n

American Philosophical Society

receives communications, specimens, 148, 251

elects members, 198n

TJ as president of, 251

Magellanic Fund, 251n

American Revolution

veterans of, 220, 260n, 276n, 286n, 300n, 361n, 407n, 458, 481n, 497n, 569n, 699-701, 709n

Loyalists, 255n

and Indians, 377

bounty certificates, 699

and Del., 699-701

American War, from 1775 to 1783, with Plans (Charles Smith), 573n

Amsterdam, 270, 271-2

Anacostia River, 674, 676

Andalucia, Spain, 512, 513

Anderson, Isaac, 717, 721

Anderson, James, 392

Anderson, Joseph

and T. Vandyke, 453

as reference, 700-1

member of Eighth Congress, 719

dines with TJ, 721

letter from cited, 732

recommends aspirants for office, 732

Andrews, George, 136, 333

Andrews, Robert, 112, 113n

Anmours, Charles François, Chevalier d’

letter from, 446-7

retirement on the Ouachita River, 446-7

introduces Derbigny, 447

Annales du muséum national d’histoire naturelle, 645

Annapolis, Md., 457, 458

Annuaire de la librairie (William Fleischer), 502n

Annual Message to Congress (1804)

drafting of, 662-80

consideration of, by Congress, 663, 685n, 697

text of, 680-4

delivered in writing, 685n

publication of, 685n, 697

Annual Register (Great Britain), 556

anonymous letters

advise on preventing yellow fever, 55-6

in verse, responding to Louisiana memorial, 382

cited, 732, 733

See also Jefferson, Thomas: Correspondence

Antwerp, 255n, 517n

Apple Creek, 81, 89

Appleton, Thomas

letter to, 114-15

letter from, 331-2

payments to, 69, 114-15, 123, 222, 729

forwards vines, plants to TJ, 112, 114, 331-2

and wine for TJ, 112, 114-15.

sends news on Barbary affairs, 177, 354n, 362

and Timpanari Viganò, 331, 499

and Ceracchi claim, 332

promotes trade with Ottomans, 354n

reports misuse of U.S. passports, 354n

and Cathalan’s dispute with W. Baker, 422n

letter to cited, 729

apprenticeships, 699

Archer, John, 717, 722

Archer, Starling, 661, 704

architecture

Doric order, 166n

Tuscan order, 166n

roofs, 342-5

See also Capitol, U.S.; Jefferson, Thomas: Architecture; Monticello; President’s House

Arcturus (horse), 196

Argand, François Pierre Ami, 540

Argote, Antonio de

characterized, 16-17, 19, 20

Argus (revenue cutter), 267n, 346n

Argus (U.S. brig), lii

“Aristides” (pseudonym). See Van Ness, William P.

Arkansas Post, 80, 81

Arkansas River

exploration of, 30, 99, 103-4

as boundary, 81, 571

Armistead, Francis, 154, 180

Armistead, Robert, 201, 203, 228, 730, 731

Armstrong, Gen. John

letters to, 67-8, 120

letter from, 174

appointed minister to France, xiii, 77, 112, 688, 702

commission, letter of credence for, xiii, 216, 219n, 253, 289-90, 363n

and Delabigarre, 24, 263

carries letters for TJ and others, 67-8, 69, 120, 121, 536

TJ recommends schools, lodgings in Paris to, 67-8

TJ’s opinion of, 112

TJ recommends P. S. Du Pont to, 120

polygraph for, 132, 509n

departure for France, 171, 174, 315, 316n

change in form of French government, 216, 219n, 290n, 363n

and American debt claims, 393

Army, U.S. See War, U.S. Department of

art

physiognotrace, xlix, 298

busts, 114, 115n

engravers, 246-7

restoration of, 272n

miniaturists, 324n

Arthur, John, 524, 526

Articles of Confederation, 565

Ast, William Frederick

letter to, 159

and TJ’s insurance premium, 159, 162

astronomy

astronomical instruments, 107-8, 437-8, 441n, 540, 541, 542n, 694

calculation of longitude, 108, 437-8, 441n, 693-4

equinoxes, 251

meridian line at Washington, D.C., 539-42

Atticus, 317, 321

attorneys

dominated by Federalists, 310-11, 622

accused of charging excessive fees, 621-2

See also Jefferson, Thomas: Law; law

Attwater, Elnathan, 75n

Atwater & Daggett (New Haven, Conn.), 75n

Augustus, Emperor, 627

Aurora (Philadelphia), 230, 231, 233n, 548, 696, 697n

See also Duane, William

Austin, David

letter from, 488

seeks appointment, 488

Austin, Moses, 684-5n

Austin, William

Letters from London, 260

Auvergne, France, 240, 241

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Selected Documents

1 July 1804

From William C. C. Claiborne

The territorial governor reports from New Orleans about desires for statehood and self-government in Louisiana.

23 August 1804

Petition of Puckshunubbee and Homastubbee

Choctaw leaders state that their nation will give up a tract of land to pay the Panton, Leslie & Co. trading firm.

14 October 1804

To Carlos IV, King of Spain

Jefferson sends a letter of credence to the monarch of Spain for James Monroe as minister extraordinary and plenipotentiary of the United States.

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