17 February to 30 April 1801

Volume Details

Description

Under normal circumstances, Thomas Jefferson would have had more than two months to prepare for his presidency. However, since the House of Representatives finally settled a tied electoral vote only on 17 February 1801, he had two weeks. This book, which covers the two-and-a-half-month period from that day through April 30, is the first of some twenty volumes that will document Jefferson's two terms as President of the United States.

Here, Jefferson drafts his Inaugural Address, one of the landmark documents of American history. In this famous speech, delivered before a packed audience in the Senate Chamber on March 4, he condemns "political intolerance" and asserts that "we are all republicans: we are all federalists," while invoking a policy of "friendship with all nations, entangling alliances with none."

Jefferson appoints his Cabinet members and deals with the time-consuming process of sifting through the countless appeals and supporting letters of recommendation for government jobs as he seeks to reward loyal Republicans and maintain bipartisan harmony at the same time. Among these letters is one from Catherine Church, who remarks that only women, excluded as they are from political favor or government employment, can be free of "ignorant affectation" and address the president honestly. Jefferson also initiates preparations for a long cruise by a squadron of American warships, with an unstated expectation that their destination will probably be the Barbary Coast of the Mediterranean.

Table of Contents

CONTENTS

FOREWORD	vii
EDITORIAL METHOD AND APPARATUS	xv
ILLUSTRATIONS	xlv
JEFFERSON CHRONOLOGY	2


1801

Announcement of Election Results, [17 February 1801]	3
From Hugh Henry Brackenridge, 17 February 1801	4
From Thomas Leiper, 17 February 1801	7
From George Meade, 17 February 1801	8
From Nicholas J. Roosevelt, 17 February 1801	9
Notes on a Letter of William Pinckney [after 17 February 1801]	10
Notes on New York Patronage, [after 17 February 1801]	11
To John Adams, 18 February 1801	12
To Henry Dearborn, 18 February 1801	13
To William Jackson, 18 February 1801	14
List of John Adams’s Judicial Appointments, [18 February 1801]	15
To James Madison, 18 February 1801	16
From Benjamin Perkins, 18 February 1801	17
To Craven Peyton, 18 February 1801	18
From Benjamin Stoddert, 18 February 1801	18
From Caspar Wistar, 18 February 1801	19
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 19 February 1801	20
From Stephen Thorn, 19 February 1801	21
To Thomas Whitlaw, 19 February 1801	22
From John Adams, 20 February 1801	23
To Samuel Dexter, 20 February 1801	24
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 20 February 1801	24
To the House of Representatives, 20 February 1801	25
From Josef Ignacio de Viar, 20 February 1801	26
From George Logan, 20 February 1801	26
From James Lyon, 20 February 1801	26
From Thomas McKean, 20 February 1801	28
From Stephen Sayre, 20 February 1801	30
From John Wright, 20 February 1801	31
From John Dickinson, 21 February 1801	31
From Joseph Fay, 21 February 1801	32
To George Jefferson, 21 February 1801	33
To Charles Willson Peale, 21 February 1801	34
To Benjamin Stoddert, 21 February 1801	35
To Daniel Trump, 21 February 1801	35
To John Wayles Eppes, 22 February 1801	37
To William Evans, 22 February 1801	38
From Robert Gourlay, 22 February 1801	39
From Elijah Griffiths, 22 February 1801	40
From Israel Israel, 22 February 1801	42
To Philippe de Létombe, 22 February 1801	43
From James Martin, 22 February 1801	44
From William Munson, 22 February 1801	44
From James Thomson Callender, 23 February 1801	46
From Catherine Church, 23 February 1801	48
From Thomas T. Davis, 23 February 1801	49
To Thomas Leiper, 23 February 1801	50
To Meriwether Lewis, 23 February 1801	51
List of John Adams’s Appointments, 23 February 1801	52
From John Moody, 23 February 1801	53
From Francis Say, 23 February 1801	53
To Samuel Harrison Smith, 23 February 1801	54
To James Wilkinson, 23 February 1801	54
From James Bowdoin, 24 February 1801	55
From Elbridge Gerry, 24 February 1801	56
From William Jackson, 24 February 1801	58
From Thomas Lewis, Jr., 24 February 1801	59
To Robert R. Livingston, 24 February 1801	61
From Jonathan H. Nichols, 24 February 1801	61
From Joseph Nourse, 24 February 1801	62
From Marinus Willett, 24 February 1801	62
From John Gardiner, 25 February 1801	64
From William Heath, 25 February 1801	65
To Thomas Lomax, 25 February 1801	66
To Richard Richardson, 25 February 1801	67
From Benjamin Stoddert, 25 February 1801	68
From Isaac Weaver, Jr., 25 February 1801	68
From Joseph Anderson and William Cocke, 26 February 1801	69
From Samuel Bryan, [ca. 26 February 1801]	71
From Pierce Butler, 26 February 1801	74
From Nicolas Gouin Dufief, 26 February 1801	75
From William Findley, 26 February 1801	77
From Philippe de Létombe, 26 February 1801	81
To Robert Morris, 26 February 1801	81
From Patrick Sim, 26 February 1801	82
From John Strode, 26 February 1801	83
From John Beckley, 27 February 1801	84
From Delamotte, 27 February 1801	87
From Johann Eckstein, 27 February 1801	90
From William Evans, 27 February 1801	91
From George Jefferson, 27 February 1801	92
From George Logan, 27 February 1801	93
To Tarleton Bates, [28] February 1801	94
From Joseph Hardy, 28 February 1801	95
From Philippe de Létombe, 28 February 1801	96
From James Madison, 28 February 1801	99
To the Senate, 28 February 1801	101
From John Vanmetre, 28 February 1801	102
From Burgess Allison, 1 March 1801	104
From Joseph Anderson, 1 March 1801	105
From Elijah Boardman, 1 March 1801	106
From William Duane, 1 March 1801	108
From Benjamin Hawkins, 1 March 1801	109
From John Garland Jefferson, 1 March 1801	110
From Matthew Lyon, 1 March 1801	111
From Rembrandt Peale, 1 March 1801	114
From Elizabeth House Trist, 1 March 1801	115
From Stephen Burrowes, 2 March 1801	116
From Joseph Eggleston, 2 March 1801	116
To James Hillhouse, 2 March 1801	117
From James Hillhouse, [2 March 1801]	118
To John Marshall, 2 March 1801	119
From John Marshall, 2 March 1801	120
From Robert Morris, 2 March 1801	121
From Anonymous, [before 3 March 1801]	122
From David Jones, 3 March 1801	123
From Matthew Lyon, 3 March 1801	125
From James Monroe, 3 March 1801	126
From Samuel A. Otis, 3 March, enclosing
Orders on the Inauguration, 2 March 1801	128
From Theodore Peters, 3 March 1801	129
From Moses Robinson, 3 March 1801	129
To the Senate, 3 March 1801	131
From Benjamin Stoddert, 3 March 1801	132
From Stephen Thorn, 3 March 1801	132
First Inaugural Address, 4 March 1801	134
I. First Draft	139
II. Revised Draft	143
III. First Inaugural Address	148
From Arthur Campbell, 4 March 1801	152
From Thomas Claxton, 4 March 1801	153
From the District of Columbia Commissioners, enclosing
Suspension of Certain Building Regulations, 4 March 1801	154
From William Falkener, enclosing
From Warren County Inhabitants, 4 March 1801	155
From Fayetteville Republican Citizens, 4 March 1801	156
From Cyrus Griffin, 4 March 1801	157
To George Jefferson, 4 March 1801	157
From George Jefferson, 4 March 1801	158
From Peter Legaux, 4 March 1801	160
From Francis Mentges, 4 March 1801	161
From the New Jerusalem Church of Baltimore, 4 March 1801	162
From Richard Dobbs Spaight, 4 March 1801	164
From John Cleves Symmes, 4 March 1801	166
From James Warren, 4 March 1801	167
From “Your Unknown Friend,” 4 March 1801	168
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 4 March 1801	169
Circular Letter to Midnight Appointees, [after 4 March 1801]	172
From Joseph Anderson and William Cocke, 5 March 1801	174
From Abraham Baldwin and Benjamin Taliaferro, 5 March 1801	175
From William Findley, 5 March 1801	178
From Nicholas King and Others, 5 March 1801	180
To Philippe de Létombe, 5 March 1801	181
To Levi Lincoln, 5 March 1801	181
Receipt From John Minchin, 5 March 1801	182
From James Monroe, 5 March 1801	182
Notes on New Jersey Patronage, [ca. 5 March-before June 1801]	183
From John Page, 5 March 1801	184
From Charles Pinckney, 5 March 1801	186
From Providence Citizens, 5 March 1801	187
To the Senate, 5 March 1801	188
From John R. Smith, 5 March 1801	189
From Edward Thornton, 5 March 1801	190
From Joseph Anderson, 6 March 1801	191
From Abraham Baldwin, 6 March 1801	191
From Columbia, South Carolina, Citizens, 6 March 1801	194
From Thomas T. Davis, 6 March 1801	195
From Jonathan Dayton and Aaron Ogden, 6 March 1801	195
To John Dickinson, 6 March 1801	196
From Albert Gallatin, 6 March 1801	197
From Robert R. Livingston, 6 March 1801	199
To Robert Morris, 6 March 1801	201
To Charles Pinckney, 6 March 1801	201
From John W. Pratt, 6 March 1801	202
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 6 March 1801	203
From James Reed Dermott, 7 March 1801	204
From John Hall, 7 March 1801	205
From James Madison, 7 March 1801	207
To James Monroe, 7 March 1801	208
From Wilson Cary Nicholas, 7 March 1801	209
From Jonathan Williams, 7 March 1801	210
From the Borough of Wilmington, 7 March 1801	211
From John Woodward, 7 March 1801	212
To John Adams, 8 March 1801	213
To James Bowdoin, 8 March 1801	213
From Jeremiah Brown, 8 March 1801	214
To Horatio Gates, 8 March 1801	215
From Thomas Leiper, 8 March 1801	215
From John F. Mercer, 8 March 1801	217
Notes on a Cabinet Meeting, 8 March 1801	219
From Charles Willson Peale, 8 March 1801	221
From Benjamin Ring, 8 March 1801	224
From William Lee, [before 9] March 1801	225
From David Austin, 9 March 1801	226
To John Hargrove, 9 March 1801	228
From Tobias Lear, 9 March 1801	229
To Thomas McKean, 9 March 1801	229
From John Mitchell, 9 March 1801	231
To Jonathan H. Nichols, 9 March 1801	232
Notes on a Cabinet Meeting, 9 March 1801	232
From Henry Roosen, 9 March 1801	233
To Samuel Smith, 9 March 1801	234
From John Stuart, 9 March 1801	234
From George Taylor, 9 March 1801	235
From Benjamin Smith Barton, 10 March 1801	236
From George Caines, 10 March 1801	236
From Tench Coxe, 10 March 1801	237
From Samuel Hanson, 10 March 1801	238
From Meriwether Lewis, 10 March 1801	238
From Henry Whetcroft, 10 March 1801	239
From William Bache, 11 March 1801	240
From William Brent, 11 March 1801	241
From Mary Glenholmes, 11 March 1801	242
From Samuel Hanson, 11 March 1801	244
From Samuel Kennedy, 11 March 1801	244
From Samuel A. Otis, 11 March 1801	245
From John Smith, 11 March, enclosing
Certificate from John Beckley, 10 March 1801	246
From Benjamin Stoddert, 11 March 1801	248
From Samuel Smith, [before 12 March 1801]	250
To John James Barralet, 12 March 1801	251
Pardon for David Brown, 12 March 1801	251
To Stephen Burrowes, 12 March 1801	252
To John Dawson, 12 March 1801	253
To Nicholas Gouin Dufief, 12 March 1801	253
To Cyrus Griffin, 12 March 1801	254
From Samuel Hanson, 12 March 1801	254
From Robert R. Livingston, 12 March 1801	255
To James Madison, 12 March 1801	255
From James Monroe, 12 March 1801	256
From Thomas Newton, 12 March 1801	258
From Charles Pinckney, [12 March 1801]	259
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 12 March 1801	259
From Benjamin Rush, 12 March 1801	260
From Benjamin Stoddert, 12 March 1801	263
From Daniel Trump, 12 March 1801	265
To John Wright, 12 March 1801	266
From Nathaniel Anderson, 13 March 1801	266
To Gabriel Duvall, 13 March 1801	267
To Andrew Ellicott, 13 March 1801	268
From Carlos Martínez de Irujo, 13 March 1801	268
To Lafayette, 13 March 1801	270
From Francis Peyton, 13 March 1801	271
To Samuel Smith, 13 March 1801	271
To Benjamin Stoddert, 13 March 1801	272
From Elizabeth House Trist, 13 March 1801	273
To Joel Barlow, 14 March 1801	274
From Albert Gallatin, enclosing
Estimate of Receipts and Expenditures for 1801,
Estimate of Receipts and Expenditures after 1801,
and Estimate of Military Expenditures, 14 March 1801	275
From Benjamin Galloway, 14 March 1801	281
From Abel Janney, 14 March 1801	282
From Walter Jones, 14 March 1801	283
To Tadeusz Kosciuszko, 14 March 1801	288
From Richard Parrott, 14 March 1801	289
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 14 March 1801	290
From Benjamin Stoddert, 14 March, enclosing
Account of French Prisoners, [14 March 1801]	291
From Benjamin Stoddert, 14 March 1801	291
To the Borough of Wilmington, 14 March 1801	293
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 14 March 1801	293
From David Austin, 15 March 1801	295
From the Aliens of Beaver County, Pennsylvania, 15 March 1801	297
From Charles Copland, 15 March, enclosing
Charles Copland to Ariana Randolph, 31 January 1801	299
From Tench Coxe, 15 March 1801	300
From Edmond Custis, 15 March 1801	301
From Philippe de Létombe, 15 March 1801	302
From Andrew Shepherd, 15 March 1801	303
From Benjamin Vaughan, 15 March 1801	303
From Joseph B. Barry, 16 March 1801	306
From Carlo Bellini, 16 March 1801	306
From Benjeman Bryen, 16 March 1801	307
From Aaron Burr, 16 March 1801	308
Pardon for James Thomson Callender, 16 March 1801	309
From William Branch Giles, 16 March 1801	310
From Samuel Hanson, 16 March 1801	312
From Henry Knox, 16 March 1801	313
From Robert R. Livingston, 16 March 1801	314
From John Strode, 16 March 1801	315
From Leonard Vandegrift, Sr., 16 March 1801	315
From John James Barralet, 17 March 1801	316
From Mathew Carey, 17 March 1801	316
From Thomas Cooper, 17 March 1801	317
From Samuel Dexter, 17 March 1801	318
To Fayetteville Republican Citizens, 17 March 1801	319
To Samuel Hanson, 17 March 1801	319
From Samuel Hanson, 16 [i.e. 17] March 1801	320
From William Hardy, 17 March 1801	320
To David Humphreys, with Levi Lincoln, [17] March 1801	321
From Robert R. Livingston, 17 March 1801	323
To Philip Mazzei, 17 March 1801	328
Memorandum from Aaron Burr, [ca. 17 March 1801]	330
Memorandum from Charles Pinckney, [ca. 17 March 1801]	333
From James Monroe, 17 March 1801	334
To Charles Pinckney, 17 March 1801	335
From Benjamin Rittenhouse, 17 March 1801	336
To William Short, 17 March 1801	337
From Samuel Smith, 17 March 1801	339
To Benjamin Stoddert, 17 March 1801	340
To Volney, 17 March 1801	341
From Thomas Waterman, 17 March 1801	342
From John Beckley, 18 March 1801	343
To Napoleon Bonaparte, 18 March 1801	344
To Daniel Carroll Brent, 18 March 1801	345
From Gabriel Duvall, 18 March 1801	346
To Oliver Ellsworth and William Vans Murray,
with Levi Lincoln, [18] March 1801	346
From John Wayles Eppes, 18 March 1801	349
From Carlos Martínez de Irujo, 18 March 1801	350
To William Jones, 18 March 1801	351
From Ephraim Kirby, 18 March 1801	352
From James Monroe, 18 March 1801	353
From Benjamin Nones, 18 March 1801	356
To Thomas Paine, 18 March 1801	358
From Henry Sheaff, 18 March 1801	359
From James D. Westcott, 18 March 1801	360
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 18 March 1801	362
From Joseph Barnes, 19 March 1801	363
From Thomas Cogswell, 19 March 1801	365
To Philippe de Létombe, 19 March 1801	366
From George Meade, 19 March 1801	367
From Francis Peyton, 19 March 1801	368
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 19 March 1801	369
From Hugh Rose, 19 March 1801	369
To Madame de Tessé, 19 March 1801	369
To Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 20 March 1801	371
From Andrew Ellicott, 20 March 1801	371
To Albert Gallatin, 20 March 1801	372
To Joseph Mathias Gérard de Rayneval, 20 March 1801	373
From Christian G. Hahn, 20 March 1801	374
From John Hobby, 20 March 1801	375
From Henry Ingle, 20 March 1801	377
From Jacob Lewis, 20 March 1801	378
From John Thomson Mason, 20 March 1801	380
From Sarah Mease, 20 March 1801	380
From Samuel Smith, 20 March, enclosing From Allegany
County Republican Citizens, 4 March 1801	382
To Warren County Inhabitants, 20 March 1801	383
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 20 March 1801	384
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 20 March 1801	385
From David Austin, 21 March 1801	386
From Samuel Bryan, 21 March 1801	387
From Stephen Burrowes, 21 March 1801	388
To George Caines, 21 March 1801	389
From Levi Lincoln, 21 March 1801	389
To George Logan, 21 March 1801	390
From Thomas McKean, 21 March 1801	391
To Joseph Priestley, 21 March 1801	393
From Henry Rose, 21 March 1801	395
From Stephen Sayre, 21 March 1801	396
To James Warren, 21 March 1801	398
From Washington, D. C., Inhabitants, [ca. 21 March 1801]	399
To Isaac Weaver, Jr., 21 March 1801	400
From John Dawson, 22 March 1801	401
To Joseph Fay, 22 March 1801	401
From Joseph Fenwick, 22 March 1801	402
To Elijah Griffiths, 22 March 1801	402
To Nathaniel Niles, 22 March 1801	403
From Joseph Allen Smith, 22 March 1801	404
Memorial from Eliakim Littell and Squier Littell, [before 23 March 1801]	407
From Joseph Louis d’Anterroches, 23 March 1801	408
To Columbia, South Carolina, Citizens, 23 March 1801	409
From Tench Coxe, 23 March 1801	410
From Theodore Foster, 23 March 1801	411
To William Branch Giles, 23 March 1801	413
From Joseph Habersham, 23 March 1801	415
From William Jones, 23 March 1801	416
From William Kilty, 23 March 1801	416
From James Magoffin, 23 March 1801	417
From James Monroe, 23 March 1801	419
To Thomas Newton, 23 March 1801	420
From Jonathan H. Nichols, 23 March 1801	421
To John Page, 23 March 1801	422
To Moses Robinson, 23 March 1801	423
From Andrew Rounsavell, 23 March 1801	424
To Andrew Rounsavell, 23 March 1801	425
From John Adams, 24 March 1801	426
From Charles Burrall, 24 March 1801	426
To William Findley, 24 March 1801	427
To Philip Ludwell Grymes, 24 March 1801	428
To Joseph Habersham, 24 March 1801	429
To Carlos Martínez de Irujo, 24 March 1801	430
To Peter Legaux, 24 March 1801	430
From James Linn, 24 March 1801	423
To Robert R. Livingston, 24 March 1801	433
From Rembrandt Peale, [24 March 1801]	433
To Thomas Perkins, 24 March 1801	434
From Andrew Rounsavell, 24 March 1801	435
To Benjamin Rush, 24 March 1801	436
To Samuel Smith, 24 March, enclosing To Allegany
County Republican Citizens, 23 March 1801	438
To Thomas Sumter, 24 March 1801	440
To Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 24 March 1801	441
From Gideon Granger, 25 March 1801, enclosing
From Suffield Citizens, 16 March 1801	441
From John Gregorie, 25 March 1801	444
From Joseph Habersham, 25 March 1801	444
To John Strode, 25 March 1801	445
From John Sutton, 25 March 1801	446
From Samuel Hanson, 26 March 1801	446
To Tobias Lear, 26 March 1801	447
From Tobias Lear, 26 March 1801	447
From Philippe de Létombe, 26 March 1801	449
From Levi Lincoln, 26 March 1801	451
To James Madison, 26 March 1801	452
To Thomas McKean, 26 March 1801	453
To Sarah Mease, 26 March 1801	454
From John Miller, 26 March 1801	455
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 26 March 1801	456
To Samuel Smith, 26 March 1801	456
To Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 26 March 1801	457
From Alexander Boyd, 27 March 1801	458
To Catherine Church, 27 March 1801	459
To John Wayles Eppes, 27 March 1801	459
To Gibson & Jefferson, 27 March 1801	461
From George Hadfield, 27 March 1801	462
From William Hylton, 27 March 1801	464
To George Jefferson, 27 March 1801	465
To Henry Knox, 27 March 1801	465
From Ralph Mather, 27 March 1801	467
From Joseph H. Nicholson, 27 March 1801	469
To Providence Citizens, 27 March 1801	475
From Stephen Sayre, 27 March 1801	476
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 27 March 1801	477
From John Barnes, 28 March 1801	478
From Thomas U. P. Charlton, 28 March 1801	479
From the District of Columbia Commissioners, 28 March 1801	480
To John Wayles Eppes, 28 March 1801	482
From John Vaughan, 28 March 1801	482
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 28 March 1801	483
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 28 March 1801	485
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 28 March 1801	486
To Samuel Adams, 29 March 1801	487
From Jabez Bingham, 29 March 1801	488
To Pierpont Edwards, 29 March 1801	489
To Elbridge Gerry, 29 March 1801	490
To Gideon Granger, 29 March 1801	492
From John Garland Jefferson, 29 March 1801	494
From Henry Knox, 29 March 1801	495
To Thomas Leiper, 29 March 1801	496
From Robert R. Livingston, 29 March 1801	497
From David Austin, 30 March 1801	498
From Samuel Dexter, [30] March 1801	499
To Enoch Edwards, enclosing
Instructions for a Carriage, 30 March 1801	500
To Benjamin Stoddert, 30 March 1801	502
From Mathew Carey, 31 March 1801	502
Statement of Account with Thomas Carpenter, 31 March 1801	502
From John Dawson, 31 March 1801	504
To Henry Dearborn, 31 March 1801	504
To Samuel Dexter, 31 March 1801	505
To William Evans, 31 March 1801	505
To Walter Jones, 31 March 1801	506
To Philippe de Létombe, 31 March 1801	506
To Meriwether Lewis, 31 March 1801	507
To Charles Little, 31 March 1801	507
From John Thomson Mason, 31 March 1801	508
To Benjamin Vaughan, 31 March 1801	511
To Caspar Wistar, 31 March 1801	511
Jacob Wagner’s Memorandum on
State Department Clerks, [March 1801]	512
Notes on South Carolina Patronage, [March-November 1801]	513
From Jean Chas, 1 April 1801	515
From Auguste de Grasse, 1 April 1801	517
From Benjamin Hichborn, 1 April 1801	519
From Robert Leslie, 1 April 1801	521
From “A. B.,” 2 April 1801	522
From Thomas Cooper, 2 April 1801	523
From Thomas Lomax, 2 April 1801	524
From Louis André Pichon, 2 April 1801	525
From Samuel Smith, 2 April 1801	527
From Enoch Edwards, 3 April 1801	527
From George Helmbold, 3 April 1801	529
From Meriwether Lewis, 3 April 1801	530
From Joseph Rapin, 3 April 1801	530
From “A Vermont Republican,” 3 April 1801	532
From Matthew Lyon, 4 April 1801	534
From Oliver Pollock, 4 April 1801	537
From Tench Coxe, 5 April 1801	539
From Samuel Hanson, 6 April 1801	540
From George Jefferson, 6 April 1801	542
From Michael Leib, 6 April 1801	543
From James Monroe, 6 April 1801	543
From John Page, 6 April 1801	544
From Samuel Smith, 6 April 1801	545
From Alexander White, 6 April 1801	546
From John Dickinson, 7 April 1801	547
From George Jefferson, 7 April 1801	548
From “A Married Female,” 7 April 1801	548
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 7 April 1801	549
From Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 8 April 1801	551
To John Wayles Eppes, 8 April 1801	551
From Peter Jaquett, 8 April 1801	552
From Levi Lincoln, 8 April 1801	553
From Gouverneur Morris, 8 April 1801	554
From Thomas Newton, 8 April 1801	554
To Archibald Stuart, 8 April 1801	555
From Caspar Wistar, [before 9 April 1801]	556
From Levi Lincoln, 9 April 1801	557
From Joseph Whipple, 9 April 1801	559
From Joseph Barnes, 10 April 1801	561
From Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 10 April 1801	564
To Rufus King, 10 April 1801	565
From Meriwether Lewis, 10 April 1801	565
To Levi Lincoln, 10 April 1801	566
From Joseph Priestley, 10 April 1801	567
From Stephen Sayre, 10 April 1801	568
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 11 April 1801	570
From Joseph Fay, 11 April, enclosing
From Samuel Broome, 8 April 1801	570
From Solomon Southwick, 11 April 1801	572
From James Thomson Callender, 12 April 1801	573
From Thomas Law, 12 April 1801	575
From Salimbeni, 12 April 1801	575
From Benjamin W. Stuart, 12 April 1801	577
From John West Butler, 13 April 1801	578
From Andrew Ellicott, 13 April 1801	580
From Silas Hubbell, 13 April 1801	582
From Montgomery County, Kentucky, Citizens, [13 April 1801]	583
From Thomas Newton, 14 April 1801	584
From Jonas Simonds, 14 April 1801	584
From John Broadbent, 15 April 1801	585
From James Currie, 15 April 1801	586
From Gideon Granger, 15 April 1801	587
From Hammuda Pasha, Bey of Tunis, 15 April 1801	591
From Matthew McAllister, 15 April 1801	593
From Joseph Léonard Poirey, 15 April 1801	594
From John Barnes, 16 April 1801	595
From Joseph Fenwick, 16 April 1801	596
From Levi Lincoln, 16 April 1801	596
From William C. C. Claiborne, 17 April 1801	599
To Thomas Cooper, 17 April 1801	600
From Enoch Edwards, 17 April 1801	600
To John Hoomes, 17 April 1801	602
To George Jefferson, 17 April 1801	602
To George Jefferson, 17 April 1801	603
To Levi Lincoln, 17 April 1801	604
To James Madison, 17 April 1801	604
To Joseph Rapin, 17 April 1801	605
To Samuel Smith, 17 April 1801	605
From Thomas Sumter, Sr., 17 April 1801	607
From Peter Delabigarre, 18 April 1801	608
To Enoch Edwards, 18 April 1801	609
From John Wayles Eppes, 18 April 1801	610
From Mary Jefferson Eppes, 18 April 1801	611
From Tench Coxe, enclosing Tench Coxe’s Key to
Federal Positions, with Jefferson’s Notes, 19 April 1801	612
From William Short, 19 April 1801	615
From Elizabeth Barnet, 20 April 1801	618
From John Browne Cutting, 20 April 1801	618
To George Jefferson, 20 April 1801	619
From Nathaniel Macon, 20 April 1801	620
From Charles Pinckney, 20 April 1801	621
From Thomas Sumter, Jr., 20 April 1801	624
Petition from Colin C. Wills, 20 April 1801	625
From Aaron Burr, 21 April 1801	626
To George Jefferson, 21 April 1801	628
From Caesar A. Rodney, 21 April 1801	628
From James Madison, [22 April 1801]	630
From Thomas Oben, and Enclosure, 22 April 1801	630
From Tench Coxe, 23 April 1801	633
From Albert Gallatin, 23 April 1801	637
From Nathaniel Macon, 23 April 1801	637
From Samuel Adams, 24 April 1801	638
Statement of Account with Gibson & Jefferson, 24 April 1801	639
From Haden Edwards, 25 April 1801	640
To John Wayles Eppes, 25 April 1801	641
To Levi Lincoln, 25 April 1801	642
To James Madison, 25 April 1801	642
To John Monroe, 25 April 1801	643
To Archibald Stuart, 25 April 1801	643
From William Barton, 26 April 1801	644
From Thomas Mendenhall, 27 April 1801	644
From James Woodhouse, 27 April 1801	647
From Walter Boyd, 28 April 1801	648
From Theodore Foster, 28 April 1801	650
From Caleb Haskell, 28 April 1801	652
From Samuel Fulton, 29 April 1801	653
From Elbridge Gerry, 29 April 1801	655
From James Monroe, 29 April 1801	657
From Charles Goodwin, 30 April 1801	657
To James Madison, 30 April 1801	658
From John Monroe, 30 April 1801	659
From Henry Brinkerhoff, April 1801	660
APPENDICES
Appendix I: Lists of Appointments and Removals, 5 March 1801	663
1. List of Candidates [ca. 23 Dec. 1800-31 Mch. 1801]	665
2. List of Appointments and Removals [ca. May 1802]	668
3. List of Appointments and Removals [after 10 May 1803]	670
4. List of Appointments and Removals [5 Mch. 1801-14 May 1802]	674
Appendix II: Notations by Jefferson on Senate Documents	681
Appendix III: Letters Not Printed in Full	685
Appendix IV: Letters Not Found	689

INDEX	693

Index

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

"A.B." (pseudonym)

letter from, 522-3

recommends Tucker, 522-3

Abbess, A Romance (William Henry Ireland), 578, 579n

Abbeville, France, 468

Aborn, Thomas, 173n, 664, 667, 676

Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 327n

Ackerman, Abraham, 660-1

Adams, Abigail, xi, 665

Adams, Abijah, 666

Adams, Charles, 426

Adams, Elizabeth Wells, 639

Adams, John

letters to, 12, 213

letters from, 23-4, 426

Minister to Great Britain

receives visitors, 83n

Personal Affairs

name respected across Europe, 359

death of son, 426

President

late-term appointments, ix, 100, 127, 167, 172-3, 230n, 231n, 235n, 245, 250n, 271n, 367, 368n, 411, 412-13n, 413-14, 428, 436-7, 452n, 461, 489, 491, 493, 555, 643n, 663, 668, 671-2, 674-8, 681-4

leaves Washington, xi, 153, 367

makes appointments, 3n, 15, 16, 46n, 52, 120n, 124n, 165n, 169-70, 171-2, 196, 203n, 206n, 210, 211n, 226n, 239-40, 268n, 376, 378, 380n, 390, 419, 420n, 447n, 448n, 481n, 521, 553n, 556, 593n, 604, 664, 667, 671, 675, 678

criticism of, 8, 47, 69n, 367, 392

reelection of, supported, 11n, 313

informed of election results, 12, 25n

calls Senate into session, 16, 29

leaves horses and carriages for TJ, 23

and President's House accounts, 23-4n, 153n

and forged letter to Cushing, 48n

addresses to, from state legislatures, 69n, 558

and Indian affairs, 70, 176

bullied by Federalists, 74

pro-British, anti-French, 84-5

threat to Constitutional rights, 130, 138

accused of nepotism, 159, 465

wants Americans in consular posts, 169-70, 171

removals by, 183, 184n, 437, 461, 669, 675

patent applications to, 214n

applications to, for appointments, 225n, 434, 462, 668n

petitions to, for pardons, 252n, 318

and Spain, 269n, 384

removal from office an act of God, 295

instructions to envoys to France, 349n

and Tripoli, 364n

replies to addresses on XYZ affair, 393, 394n

and S. Nicholson, 472-4

and D.C. development, 480, 575n

Olive Branch affair, 534-5, 536n

and Priestley, 567

treaty with Tunis, 592n

and Cowper, 606

and postal service abuses, 655

recommends aspirants to office, 666

Relations with Jefferson

confusion of mail, xi, 213, 303

TJ's views toward Adams, 16, 115, 393

renewal of friendship, 395n

Adams, Samuel

letter to, 487-8

letter from, 638-9

influence on TJ's inaugural address, viii, 138, 486-7

admiration for, 60, 213

congratulates TJ, 638-9

Adams, Samuel (N.H.), 670

Adams, Thomas, 27

Addington, Henry, 90n

Addison, Alexander, 5

Addison, Joseph, 630

Addison, Thomas, 674

"Address and Reasons of Dissent of the Minority of the Convention of the State of Pennsylvania to their Constituents" (Samuel Bryan), 71, 73n

adultery, 11, 12n

Aeneid (Virgil), 269n

agriculture

straw-cutting machines, 31

encouraged by repeal of taxes, 85

societies for promoting, 200

improvements to, 214

Mazzei's interest in, 328

viticulture, 431n

pamphlets on, 597, 598n

Albany, N.Y.

marshal for, 52, 331-2n, 572, 573n, 671, 676

U.S. attorney for, 52

postmaster, 192, 194n

R. R. Livingston at, 255

newspapers, 572

surveyor and inspector at, 672

Albany Register, 572, 573n

Albemarle Co., Va.

plantations in, 51n, 241n

schools, 51n

TJ's election celebrated at, 273

legislators, 642n

alcoholism

by servants, 38-9, 92, 505

removals from office due to, 184n, 669, 673, 676

deaths from, 426n

accusations of, 472

Alembert, Jean Le Rond d'

Synonymes Français, 516, 517

Alexander, Mr., 328-9

Alexander, Andrew, 643

Alexander, Charles, 173n, 389-90, 674

Alexander, Charles, Jr., 389-90

Alexander, John, 643

Alexander I, Emperor of Russia, 617n

Alexandria, Egypt, 563n

Alexandria, Va.

newspapers, 3n, 361-2

TJ's election celebrated at, 3n, 134

collector at, 123, 124n, 395

schools, 123

Scots in, 123, 125n

Federalists in, 123-4

merchants, 123-4, 125n, 235n, 271n, 283n, 368n, 448

Republicans in, 123-4

mayors, 124-5n

militia, 134, 271n, 282-3

justices of the peace, 173n, 235n, 240n, 271, 368n, 389-90, 452n, 664, 674

maps of, 205n

public dinner for TJ at, 235-6, 271, 283n

banks, 235n

insurance companies, 235n

hotels, 236n, 271n

commissioners of bankruptcy, 271n

council, 283n

tax collectors, 283n

Orphan's Court, 368, 675

physicians, 395n

stagecoaches, 415n

jailer, 425n

separation from Va., 425n

register of wills, 451, 675

notary publics, 452n

packet service to, from, 554

rivalry with Georgetown, 575n

flour and tobacco inspectors, 681

Alger, James, 670, 677

Algiers

interferes with U.S. shipping, 31, 467

expenses relating to, 278

deys of, 364-5n

mediator between U.S. and Tripoli, 364-5n

consuls at, 666, 678

Alien Friends Act (1798)

opposition to, 85, 252n, 297-8, 394

suffrage curtailed by, 297

Ali Hassan, Dey of Algiers, 364n

Allegany Co., Md.

address forwarded by S. Smith, 382, 438-9

congratulatory address from, 382-3

thanked by TJ, 439

Allen, Ethan, 536n

Allen, Ira

and Olive Branch affair, 534-5, 536n

letters from cited, 536n, 686

Allison, Burgess

letter from, 104-5

sends saddle for TJ, recommends Eckstein, 104-5

identified, 104-5n

All's Well That Ends Well (William Shakespeare), 87, 89

Alston, Joseph, 48, 331, 657

Ambrugeac, Alexandre Charles Louis d'

letter from cited, 689

American (Baltimore), 136, 626n

American Museum (Mathew Carey), 71, 539, 540n

American Philosophical Society

seeks to acquire mastodon skeleton, 19-20

elects members, 20, 104n, 199, 235, 337n

secretary, 105n

receives communications, specimens, 161n, 200, 210, 323, 327n, 431, 437, 438n, 511-12

TJ's report on the megalonyx, 200

TJ as president of, 210, 425, 437, 581n

presents premium to Peale, 224n

publishes Transactions, 371, 372n, 482-3, 568, 580, 582n

meetings, 394n

American Revolution

Loyalists, 12n, 64n, 183, 396, 560, 668, 669, 672, 673, 676, 677

veterans of, 13n, 64n, 66n, 86, 107n, 112, 117, 124n, 131n, 162n, 181n, 183, 191, 193, 195n, 205, 212n, 217, 218n, 231, 268n, 320-1, 337n, 353n, 357, 360, 365, 366n, 375, 377n, 390n, 407, 408, 417n, 432n, 441n, 452n, 458, 543, 552, 584, 645

persistent principles and spirit of, 66n, 130, 137, 141-2, 247n, 289, 319, 336, 398-9, 490-1

removal of veterans of, to be avoided, 86

prisoners of war, 126, 127n, 645

paymaster general, 226n

naval affairs, 256n, 645

slaves lost during, 301n

quartermasters, 365, 366n, 539

wagonmaster general, 366n

Gérard's claim, 373-4

certificates paid to soldiers, 375

opposition to, in Britain, 455

histories of, 515, 516, 517n

and France, 519n, 594n

supply purchases during, 538n

Amsterdam, 467

Anacostia River

ferries, 205

navy yard constructed on, 278, 545

improved communication with, 399

sounding of, 545, 546n

Anderson, Joseph

letters from, 69-70, 105-6, 174-5, 191

seeks Cherokee cessions, x, 69-70, 174-5

recommends aspirants for office, 105-6, 191, 553

as reference, 341

Anderson, Nathaniel

letter from, 266-7

recommends aspirants for office, 266-7, 667

Anderson, Nicholas, 584n

Anderson, Overton, 266-7

Anderson, William (London merchant), 329

Annapolis, Md., 380, 579n

anonymous letters

on appointments, 122-3

on Harpers Ferry armory, 689

Anterroches, Joseph Louis, Chevalier d'

letter from, 408-9

seeks federal appointment, 408

Antifederalists, 73n, 80n, 137, 366n, 441n, 458n

Anti-Masonic Party, 573n

anti-Semitism, 358n

Antoninus, Arrius (Roman proconsul), 74

Antwerp, 469n, 667, 668n, 676

Appleton, John, 665, 678

Aquia Creek, 345n

Aranjuez, Treaty of, 406n

Argus (New York), 28n

Aristides, 450, 451

Armstrong, Gen. John, 11, 215n, 321

Army, U.S. See War, U.S. Department of

Arnold, Benedict, 571

Arnold, William, 683

art

forgeries, 631n

Articles of Confederation, 174

Ash, James, 614

astronomy, 580-2

attorney general, U.S. See Lincoln, Levi

attorneys

in Ky., 49n

in Pa., 99n, 189n, 543n

in Va., 182, 253n, 643n

in S.C., 195n

in N.J., 196n, 432n

in D.C., 202, 212n, 380n

in Mass., 411-12

in Md., 417n

in Ga., 593-4

Aurora (Philadelphia)

account of TJ's inauguration, xlviii, 134

and Bache, 28n

advertisements, notices in, 98n, 227, 228n, 529n

alleges misuse of public funds, 108n

prints TJ's inaugural address, 136

prints lists of appointments, 521-2

Austin, Archibald, 107n

Austin, Benjamin, Jr., 60

Austin, David

letters from, 226-8, 295-7, 386-7, 498-9

plan of world pacification, 226-8, 295-7

identified, 227-8n

letters from cited, 228n, 296-7n, 686

seeks appointment, 296, 386-7

recommends brother for New Haven collectorship, 498-9

Austin, David, Sr. (1732-1801), 45, 498-9

Austin, Elijah, 107n

Austin, John P., 498-9

Austria

Treaty of Lunéville, 87, 89, 90n, 203, 204n

Avery, John, 638