1 June 1800 to 16 February 1801

Volume Details

Description

"I have sometimes asked myself whether my country is the better for my having lived at all?" Jefferson muses in this volume. His answer: "I do not know that it is." Required by custom to be "entirely passive" during the presidential campaign, Jefferson, at Monticello during the summer of 1800, refrains from answering attacks on his character, responds privately to Benjamin Rush's queries about religion, and learns of rumors of his own death. Yet he is in good health, harvests a bountiful wheat crop, and maintains his belief that the American people will shake off the Federalist thrall. He counsels James Monroe, the governor of Virginia, on the mixture of leniency and firmness to be shown in the wake of the aborted revolt of slaves led by the blacksmith Gabriel.

Arriving in Washington in November, Jefferson reports that the election "is the only thing of which any thing is said here." He is aware of Alexander Hamilton's efforts to undermine John Adams, and of desires by some Federalists to give interim executive powers to a president pro tem of the Senate. But the Republicans have made no provision to prevent the tie of electoral votes between Jefferson and Aaron Burr. Jefferson calls Burr's conduct "honorable & decisive" before prospects of intrigue arise as the nation awaits the decision of the House of Representatives. As the volume closes, the election is still unresolved after six long days of balloting by the House.

Table of Contents

CONTENTS

FOREWORD	vii
EDITORIAL METHOD AND APPARATUS	xi
ILLUSTRATIONS	xxxv
JEFFERSON CHRONOLOGY	2

1800

From Waller Holladay, 1 June	3
From Count Rumford, 1 June	4
From Gideon Granger, 4 June	5
From Robert R. Livingston, enclosing
Description of a Steam Engine, 4 June	8
From Sir John Sinclair, 6 June	13
To George Jefferson, 7 June	14
From George Jefferson, 9 June	15
To Amos Alexander, 13 June	15
To James Madison, 13 June	17
To Samuel Latham Mitchill, 13 June	18
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 15 June	19
From George Jefferson, 16 June	20
From Edmund Pendleton, enclosing Queries on
Parliamentary Procedure with Pendleton’s Answers, 17 June	21
From George Jefferson, 23 June	29
From Joseph Priestley, 23 June	30
To John Barnes, 24 June	30
To Samuel Harrison Smith, 24 June	31
From Samuel Morse, 26 June	32
From Peyton Short, 28 June	35
From William Dunbar, 30 June	35
From George Jefferson, 30 June	37
To John Breckinridge, 4 July	38
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 4 July	39
To Waller Holladay, 4 July	40
To Harry Innes, 4 July	41
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 6 July	41
From John Wayles Eppes, 6 July	43
From Daniel Smith, 6 July	44
From Elijah Griffiths, 8 July	44
To George Jefferson, 9 July	46
From Van Staphorst & Hubbard, 10 July	48
From Stevens Thomson Mason, 11 July	48
From Benjamin Hawkins, 12 July	50
From Jeremiah Moore, 12 July	52
From William Dunbar, 14 July	54
From George Jefferson, 14 July	55
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 17 July	56
To John Barnes, 19 July	57
To George Jefferson, 19 July	58
From Uriah McGregory, 19 July	58
To James Madison, 20 July	59
From George Jefferson, 21 July	61
From Giuseppe Ceracchi, 23 July	61
To Philip Ludwell Grymes, 24 July	63
From John Barnes, 26 July	64
To Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 26 July	65
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 26 July	66
To Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 1 August	67
From Julian Ursin Niemcewicz, 2 August	68
From John Wayles Eppes, 4 August	70
From Daniel Trump, 4 August	70
From William Short, 6 August	71
To Pierce Butler, 11 August	91
To Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 11 August	92
From George Jefferson, 11 August	92
From Samuel Miller, 11 August	93
To Philip Norborne Nicholas, 11 August	94
To Joseph Priestley, 11 August	95
To Gideon Granger, 13 August	95
To Uriah McGregory, 13 August	98
From James Madison, [before 14 August]	99
From James Thomson Callender, 14 August	100
From Tadeusz Kosciuszko, 14 August	101
To Jeremiah Moore, 14 August	102
Memorandum on Postal Service
from Philadelphia, [15 August]	104
Declaration for the Mutual Assurance Society, 16 August	104
From James Lyle, 18 August	107
Agreement with John H. Craven, 22 August	108
List of Fields Leased to John H. Craven, [ca. 22 August]	109
From Benjamin Rush, 22 August	110
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 24 August	113
From John Barnes, 28 August	114
To James Madison, 29 August	116
To John Beale Bordley, 30 August	117
To Philip Ludwell Grymes, 30 August	118
From James Wilkinson, 1 September	119
To Robert R. Livingston, 2 September	120
Summary of Public Service, [after 2 September]	122
To John Vanmetre, 4 September	126
To George Jefferson, 5 September	127
From Stevens Thomson Mason, 5 September	128
From James Thomson Callender, 8 September	129
From George Jefferson, 8 September	130
From James Monroe, 9 September	131
From Sylvanus Bourne, 10 September	132
To Daniel Smith, 10 September	134
From George Smith Houston, 11 September	134
From James Thomson Callender, 13 September	136
To George Jefferson, 13 September	139
From Samuel Hanson, 14 September	139
To Samuel Miller, 14 September	140
From Joel Barlow, 15 September	141
From James Monroe, 15 September	144
To James Madison, 17 September	146
From William Short, 18 September	147
To James Monroe, 20 September	160
From George Jefferson, 22 September	161
From James Monroe, 22 September	161
From David Humphreys, 23 September	162
Indenture with John H. Craven for the Lease of Fields
and Slaves at Tufton and Monticello, 23 September	163
To Benjamin Rush, 23 September	166
To John McDowell, 24 September	169
From James Madison, [before 25 September]	170
To John Barnes, 26 September	171
To George Jefferson, 26 September	172
From Joseph Barnes, 27 September	172
From James Thomson Callender, 29 September, enclosing
Account of Richmond Trials, [ca. 18 September]	174
A Course of Reading for Joseph C. Cabell, September	176
From Delamotte, 1 October	181
From James Madison, 1 October	185
From Thomas Paine, 1 October	185
From Joel Barlow, 3 October	193
From Nathaniel Cutting, 3 October	194
From Thomas Paine, 4 October	195
Notes on John Adams’s Replies to XYZ Addresses,
[before 6 October]	196
From Nathan Haley, 6 October	202
From Thomas Paine, 6 October	204
From Benjamin Rush, 6 October	204
From Samuel Smith, 8 October	208
From Aaron Burr, 9 October	208
From Thomas Leiper, 9 October	209
From Tadeusz Kosciuszko, 10 October	210
From James Thomson Callender, 11 October	211
From James Monroe, 12 October	213
From Charles Pinckney, 12 October	214
From Caesar A. Rodney, 13 October	217
From Matthew L. Davis and William A. Davis, 14 October	219
From George Douglas, 15 October	220
From Thomas Leiper, 16 October	221
From Thomas Paine, 16 October	222
From Andrew Ellicott, 17 October	224
From Stevens Thomson Mason, 17 October	225
To James Monroe, 17 October	226
To Samuel Smith, 17 October	227
From Gideon Granger, 18 October	228
From Caspar Wistar, 19 October	230
From James Thomson Callender, [ca. 20] October	233
From James Madison, 21 October	234
To George Jefferson, 24 October	235
From James Thomson Callender, 27 October	236
From Joseph Young, 29 October	237
From James Thomson Callender, 1 November	238
From Bishop James Madison, 1 November	238
From George Jefferson, 3 November	239
From George Jefferson, 3 November	241
From James Monroe, 3 November	241
To Charles Pinckney, 4 November	242
From Benjamin Hawkins, 6 November	243
From James Monroe, 6 November	244
To George Jefferson, 7 November	244
To George Jefferson, 7 November	245
From John Armstrong, 8 November	245
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 8 November	246
From James Herry, 8 November	247
To James Monroe, 8 November	248
From Abraham Labagh, 9 November	249
To James Madison, 9 November	250
From George Jefferson, 10 November	250
From George Jefferson, 11 November	251
From Lafayette, 11 November	252
From James Madison, [ca. 11] November	252
To John McDowell, 13 November	254
From James Thomson Callender, 17 November	254
From John Barnes, 20 November	255
From Charles Pinckney, 22 November	256
From George Jefferson, 24 November	258
To Thomas Mann Randolph, [25 November]	259
From Thomas Leiper, 26 November	259
Terms for Conrad & McMunn’s
Boarding House, [ca. 27 November]	260
To George Jefferson, 29 November	261
From James Lyon, 29 November	261
From James Wilkinson, 29 November	262
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 30 November	263
To Benjamin Ogle, 1 December	264
From Benjamin Waterhouse, 1 December	264
From Morgan Brown, 2 December	265
From Peter Freneau, 2 December	265
From Benjamin Rush, 2 December	266
From Charles Pinckney, [3] December	266
From Dr. John Vaughan, 3 December	269
From Thomas Law, 4 December	270
From John Barnes, 5 December	271
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 5 December	271
From Alexander White, 5 December	272
From Benjamin Williams, 5 December	272
From Philip Mazzei, 6 December	273
From Charles Pinckney, 6 December	279
From George Wythe, enclosing
Queries on Parliamentary Procedure, 7 December	281
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 8 December	286
From Hugh Williamson, 8 December	287
From Caspar Wistar, 8 December	288
From John Hoomes, 9 December	290
From Edward Livingston, 9 December	290
From William Short, 9 December	291
From George Jefferson, 10 December	297
To Robert Patterson, 10 December	298
To Joseph Young, 10 December	298
To Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 12 December	299
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 12 December	300
To James Currie, 14 December	300
To Thomas Leiper, 14 December	301
To Robert R. Livingston, 14 December	302
From James Lyon, 14 December	305
To Benjamin Rush, 14 December	306
To Aaron Burr, 15 December	306
From Thomas McKean, 15 December	307
From Pierpont Edwards, 16 December	310
From James Monroe, 16 December	310
To Caspar Wistar, 16 December	311
To Caspar Wistar, 16 December	312
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 17 December	312
From Horatio Gates, 17 December	315
From Rembrandt Peale, 17 December	316
To Stephen B. Balch, 18 December	317
To Hugh Henry Brackenridge, 18 December	318
From Mathew Carey, 18 December	319
To Simon Chaudron, 18 December	320
To Andrew Ellicott, 18 December	321
To James Madison, 19 December	321
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 19 December	324
From Delamotte, 20 December	325
From Samuel McDowell, Sr., 20 December	327
From James Madison, 20 December	329
To James Monroe, 20 December	330
To Thomas Newton, 20 December	331
To Patricot, 20 December	331
From Charles Pinckney, 20 December	332
To Matthew L. Davis and William A. Davis, 21 December	333
To George Douglas, 21 December	334
From Andrew Ellicott, 21 December	335
To Caesar A. Rodney, 21 December	336
To Samuel Harrison Smith, 21 December	337
From Amos Alexander, 22 December	338
From Joseph Barnes, 22 December	338
From Richard Richardson, 22 December	341
From Aaron Burr, 23 December	342
From Nicolas Gouin Dufief, 23 December	343
From Andrew Ellicott, 23 December	346
To John Wayles Eppes, 23 December	347
Notes on Candidates for Public Office, 23 December	347
From Bishop James Madison, 24 December	349
From Samuel Smith, 24 December	350
To Gouverneur Morris, 25 December	351
Notes on Conversations with Benjamin Hichborn, 25 December	352
From James Swan, 25 December	354
To Benjamin Waterhouse, 25 December	355
To Amos Alexander, 26 December	355
From Alexandre Charles Louis d’Ambrugeac, 26 December	356
From Aaron Burr, 26 December	357
To James Madison, 26 December	358
From Andrew Alexander, 27 December	359
From Stephen Thorn, 27 December	360
From Ebenezer Burling, 28 December	361
From Mary Jefferson Eppes, 28 December	364
From Thomas Herty, 28 December	364
To John Marshall, 28 December	367
From Julian Ursin Niemcewicz, 28 December	368
From Caesar A. Rodney, 28 December	368
From Thomas Newton, 29 December	372
From James Monroe, 30 December	373
From Oliver Wolcott, Jr., 30 December	373
From John James Barralet, 31 December	374
To Tench Coxe, [31 December]	375
To Henry Remsen, 31 December	376
From William Thornton, 31 December	377
Bill for Settling Disputed Presidential Elections, [1800]	377
Extracts from Beeke’s Observations, [1800?]	379
Notes of Potential Changes to the Constitution, [1800?]	381
Bill on Intercourse with Nations at War, [before 1801]	382

1801

From Joseph Mathias Gérard de Rayneval, 1 January	384
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 1 January	385
From Joseph Moss White, 1 January	386
From Robert Patterson, 2 January	388
From James Lyle, 3 January	388
From Thomas McKean, 3 January	389
From James Monroe, 3 January	389
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 3 January	390
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 4 January	391
From Madame de La Marche, [on or before 4 January]	392
From Joseph Yznardi, Sr., 4 January	395
To Andrew Alexander, 5 January	398
From James Thomson Callender, 5 January	399
From Benjamin Hichborn, 5 January	399
From John Hoomes, 5 January	400
To George Jefferson, 5 January	401
From James Kyle, Jr., 5 January	403
From James Monroe, 6 January	403
To Samuel Harrison Smith, [6 January]	405
From John Barnes, 7 January	405
From Robert R. Livingston, 7 January	406
To Francis Walker, 7 January	409
From William Arthur, 8 January	410
From James Currie, 8 January	412
From Charles Pinckney, 8 January	412
To Richard Richardson, 8 January	413
From James Thomson Callender, 9 January	414
To Nicolas Gouin Dufief, 9 January	415
To David Jackson, 9 January	415
From George Jefferson, 9 January	416
From James Monroe, 9 January	416
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 9 January	417
From Simon Chaudron, 10 January	419
To Charles Copland, 10 January	421
From Tench Coxe, 10 January	421
From George Jefferson, 10 January	427
From Lafayette, 10 January	427
From Thomas McKean, 10 January	432
From James Madison, 10 January	436
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 10 January	440
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 10 January	440
From Dr. John Vaughan, 10 January	441
To Hugh Williamson, 10 January	443
To Ebenezer Burling, 11 January	444
To Julian Ursin Niemcewicz, 11 January	445
To Joseph Moss White, 11 January	446
To Joseph Anthony, 12 January	446
To Mathew Carey, 12 January	447
From Claudine Cenas, 12 January	447
To William Dunbar, 12 January	448
From George Jefferson, 12 January	450
From George Jefferson, 12 January	450
From John Jouett, Jr., 12 January	450
From Stephen Sayre, 12 January	452
From John Breckinridge, 13 January	457
To James Lyle, 13 January	458
From Richard Brent, 14 January	459
From Samuel Brown, 14 January	460
From Samuel Lewis, Sr., 14 January	462
From John Barnes, 15 January	464
From Elbridge Gerry, 15 January	465
To Craven Peyton, 15 January	469
Statement of Account with Gibson & Jefferson, 15 January	470
From Charles Copland, 16 January	473
To George Jefferson, 16 January	473
From Patricot, 16 January	474
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 16 January	475
To John Adams, 17 January	476
From John Garland Jefferson, 17 January	476
From Lewis Littlepage, 17 January	477
From Andrew Ellicott, 18 January	479
From James Monroe, 18 January	481
From Hugh Henry Brackenridge, 19 January	483
To John Wayles Eppes, 19 January	488
From Elbridge Gerry, 20 January	489
From William Hylton, Sr., 20 January	495
From John Barnes, 21 January	496
From Thomas Mendenhall, 21 January	496
From Simon Chaudron, 22 January	497
To Joseph Habersham, 23 January	498
From George Jefferson, 23 January	498
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 23 January	499
From John Barnes, 24 January	501
From Isaac Briggs, 24 January	501
From Joseph Habersham, 24 January	503
To John Hoomes, 24 January	504
To Patricot, 24 January	505
From Charles Pinckney, 24 January	505
From Anonymous, 25 January	506
To John Redman Coxe, 25 January	509
From Tench Coxe, 25 January	510
From James Monroe, 27 January	511
From Joseph H. Nicholson, [27 January]	512
From Robert Leslie, 28 January	513
To Littleton W. Tazewell, 28 January	515
From John Hoomes, 29 January	515
From George Jefferson, 29 January	516
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 29 January	516
From Hugh Henry Brackenridge, 30 January	518
From James Sloan, 30 January	520
From John Tyler, 30 January	524
From Lucy Ludwell Paradise, 31 January	525
From Martha Jefferson Randolph and
Thomas Mann Randolph, 31 January	526
To Aaron Burr, 1 February	528
From John James Dufour, 1 February	529
From Benjamin Hichborn, 1 February	533
To George Jefferson, 1 February	534
To John Garland Jefferson, 1 February	535
To James Madison, 1 February	537
From Mary Jefferson Eppes, 2 February	537
To Thomas McKean, 2 February	538
Notes on Convention of 1800, [before 3 February]	539
To John Hoomes, 3 February	540
From William Jackson, 3 February	541
From John Morton, 3 February	544
To Caspar Wistar, 3 February	544
To Thomas Leiper, enclosing Jackson & Wharton to
McMurdo & Fisher, 4 February	545
From Andrew Ellicott, 5 February	547
To George Jefferson, 5 February	549
From Edward Livingston, enclosing
Verses to Daniel McKinnen, [5 February]	550
From Thomas Lomax, 5 February	551
From Philip Mazzei, 5 February	552
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 5 February	556
From George Jefferson, 6 February	557
From Craven Peyton, 6 February	558
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 7 February	559
To Isaac Briggs, 8 February	560
To Simon Chaudron, 8 February	560
From William McDowell, 8 February	561
From James Barbour of Kentucky, 9 February	564
From John Barnes, 9 February	565
From Horatio Gates, 9 February	565
From Carlos Martínez de Irujo, [9 February]	567
From George Jefferson, 9 February	568
From Charles Pinckney, [9 February]	568
From Harry Innes, 10 February	569
From Caesar A. Rodney, 10 February	570
To Tench Coxe, 11 February	571
From Thomas Leiper, 11 February	572
From Samuel Lewis, Sr., 11 February	574
From Frederick Muhlenberg, 11 February	575
From Aaron Burr, 12 February	577
Jefferson’s Reports of Balloting in the House of Representatives	578
I. To Philip Norborne Nicholas, 12 February	579
II. To James Madison, 12 February	579
III. To James Monroe, 12 February	580
IV. To Thomas Mann Randolph, 12 February	580
V. To Archibald Stuart, 12 February	580
From Nathaniel Niles, 12 February	581
Notes on a Conversation with Edward Livingston, 12 February	583
From Diodati, 13 February	583
From Joseph Barnes, 14 February	585
To Benjamin Smith Barton, 14 February	588
To Andrew Ellicott, 14 February	589
Notes on a Conversation with Gen. John Armstrong, 14 February	590
To Stephen Sayre, 14 February	590
To John Stuart, 14 February	591
To William Thornton, 14 February	591
From Joseph Crockett, 15 February	592
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 15 February	593
To James Monroe, 15 February	594
To John Tyler, 15 February	594
From John Breckinridge, 16 February	595
To Robert R. Livingston, 16 February	596
Notes on a Newspaper Article, 16 February	597
From Richard Richardson, 16 February	597

APPENDIX: Notations by Jefferson on Senate Documents	599
INDEX	605

Index

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

"A.B." (pseudonym)

letter from, 506-9

apprehensive of TJ's election, 506-9

Abeille Americaine, 320n

Abert, Geneviève Marie. See La Marche, Madame de

abolition

southern states will not dismantle slavery, 155, 295

Africa furnishes little hope to "friends of freedom," 168

in Del., 497n

advocated, 582n

Abraham (ca. 1740-1818, Abram, TJ's slave), 417

Abram (b. 1794, TJ's slave), 164

Abridgment of the Public Permanent Laws of Virginia (Edmund Randolph), 471, 472n

"Account of the Capitol in Virginia" (Thomas Jefferson), 335n

Adair, Douglass, 382n

Adams, Abigail

quoted, 201n

relationship to Cranch, 377

Adams, George

Micrographia Illustra, 178

Adams, John

letter to, 476

Opinions

thought to be pro-British, anti-French, 196-202

portrays opponents as deluded, 198-9

views of republicanism, 199-200, 202n, 253n

denounces "rage for innovation," 200

Personal Affairs

son-in-law refutes charges, 351-2

relationship to Cranch, 377

relationship to J. Johnson, 477n

Politics

less an aristocrat than TJ, 53

toasted, 60

and C. C. Pinckney candidacy, 91n, 97, 217-18, 229, 263

support for, in New England, 97, 343

1796 electoral vote, 124, 309n

Paine disdains Adams, 186, 189, 193n

relations with Federalists, 189, 341n, 466

said to misrepresent his opponents, 198-9, 202n

associates republicanism with despotism, 199

weak support for in Del., 217-18

Callender on prospects of, 238

Hamilton's Letter, 239, 304n, 422

electoral vote, 263, 271, 300, 306, 307, 309, 322, 324, 347, 357, 358n

Federalists' patronage expectations, 308

President

address to Congress opening session, vii, 248, 250, 601

and proposed military academy, 5n

and recommendations for board of agriculture, 14

replies to addresses on XYZ affair, 34n, 196-202

criticized, 129, 138n, 189, 193n, 196-202, 456, 523n, 574

and establishment of navy, 138n

uses furnishings appropriation to buy horses for President's House stable, 140

late-term appointments, 162n, 296n

receives Ellsworth's resignation, 168n, 323-4n

cabinet politics, 185, 195

and Pickering, 189, 193n, 195, 465-6, 469n, 492

declaration of fast day, 202n

relations with France, 204n, 383n

and prosecution of sedition trials, 210n

and Blount conspiracy, 224

and Ellicott, 224, 321, 548

thought to be avoiding pact with France, 234-5, 244, 248, 252-3

May 1797 address by Senate, 253n

political patronage in Pa., 308, 309n

administration compared to reign of Queen Anne, 315

R. Peale seeks appointment, 316, 317n

submits U.S.-French convention to Senate, 318-19, 323n, 504

appoints chief justice, 324n

makes appointments, 353n, 377n, 443n, 495n, 536, 544n, 563n, 566, 567n, 570n, 577n

and Saint-Domingue, 357n

requests recall of Irujo, 396-7

and fires in government offices, 435-6

relationship with Washington, 436, 439n

low regard for, 436-7

and resolution of electoral tie, 436-7

relationship with Gerry, 465-6, 492

XYZ affair, 465-9, 490-5

Federalists criticize for policy toward France, 490, 492, 494n

mistreated in office, 508

administration marked by bad appointments, 566

and government for D.C., 601

sends correspondence, papers to Congress, 602

Relations with Jefferson

TJ categorizes Adams's replies to XYZ addresses, 196-202

TJ logs Adams's "Egotisms," 200-1, 202n

statements attributed to TJ, 253n

and appointments, 291-2

TJ hopes to reach an understanding, 323, 436

invites TJ to dinner, 476

TJ reports Adams's views on election, 500

Adams, John Quincy, 296n, 477n

Adams, Louisa Catherine Johnson, 477n

Adams, Samuel

Paine's friendship with, 186

introduces travelers, 244, 250

recommendations for appointments, 349n

Address to the People of the United States (John Beckley), 125n

Ad Lucilium Epistulae Morales (Lucius Annaeus Seneca), 502, 503n

Advice to Shepherds (Louis Jean Marie Daubenton), 157, 159n

Advice to the People in General, with Regard to Their Health (Samuel Auguste André David Tissot), 178

Africa

and linguistic mix on American frontier, 50

Europeans' accounts of, 112, 168

rice of, introduced in U.S., 124, 125n

can give little hope to "friends of freedom," 168

Cape of Good Hope, 603

African Americans

Va. places restrictions on, 482

Age of Reason. Part the Second (Thomas Paine), 190-1, 193n

Aggy. See Gillette, Agnes; Hern, Aggy

agriculture

societies for promoting, 8, 10-11n, 125n, 596-7

recommendations for a national board or society, 13-14, 423, 501-3, 560, 596-7

in college curricula, 19n

pests, 21, 43, 185, 206, 297n, 441

toast in praise of, 61n

relationships of land, labor, profit, 85, 121-2, 151-3

crop rotation, 108-10, 164-6

books on, 112, 153, 159n, 178

observations of foreign travelers, 121-2

British improvements to, 149-50

fertilizer, 178, 232n, 407, 441, 545

study of soils, 178

role of, in U.S. economy, 181, 183, 422

cultivation of melons, 206, 306

Mazzei's interest in, 275, 278

threshing machines, 495n

American Board of Agriculture created, 503n

Alabama, 243n, 320n

Albany, N.Y., 58, 198, 411n

Albemarle Co., Va.

postal service, 104, 213

and fire insurance, 104-7

flour mills, 109n, 116

Pen Park estate, 109n

courts, court days, 116, 134, 146, 475, 489

land prices, 116, 144, 242

Birdwood plantation, 117n

land taxes, 128n, 164

parishes of, 128n

potential for sheep raising, 149

and Gabriel's insurrection, 160

clerks, 166n

quality of tobacco from, 209, 301, 546

reputation of lands of, 330

deputy sheriffs, 419n

Tarleton's raid, 452n

surveyors, 592n

alcoholism, 153, 207

Aldridge, William J.

payments from TJ, 46-7, 472, 473n

letters to, from cited, 47n

supplies groceries, 471, 473n

Alembert, Jean Le Rond d'

and Encyclopédie, 180

Alexander, Mr., 275, 278

Alexander, Amos

letters to, 15-16, 355-6

letter from, 338

supports TJ, 15-16, 338, 355-6

identified, 16n

letters from cited, 16n, 338n

Alexander, Andrew

letter to, 398-9

letter from, 359-60

trustee of Washington Academy, 359-60, 398-9

identified, 360n

Alexander, Robert, 360n

Alexander the Coppersmith, 308

Alexandria, Bank of, 404n

Alexandria, Egypt, 586

Alexandria, Va.

population of, xxxix

officeholders, 16n

stagecoaches, 16n

churches, 54n

potential home for Du Pont, 65-6, 67, 92, 313, 314

merchants, 140n

schools, 140n

postal service at, 171

and case of Ranger, 213n

Darrell and Craven at, 242

newspapers, 330

offers public dinner for TJ, 338, 355-6

hotels, 392n

banks, 404n

poor roads to Washington, 508

Alexandria Mechanical Relief Society, 16n

Algiers

corsairs of, 195

U.S. treaty with, 456

Alien Friends Act (1798)

opposition to, 33, 522

and Ky. Resolutions, 381n

and French visitors to U.S., 383n

Allarde, Pierre Gilbert Leroy, baron d', 326, 327, 354

Allen, Hancock, 440, 441n, 475

Allen, John, 494, 495n

Allen, Mrs. (mother of Hancock Allen), 440

Alston, Joseph

visits Monticello, vii, 208-9, 216n, 234, 242-3

identified, 208-9n

Alston, Theodosia Burr, 209n

Altona, 477-9

Ambler, John, 525

Ambrugeac, Alexandre Charles Louis d'

letter from, 356-7

pays respects, 356-7

identified, 357n

memorandum from cited, 357n

American (Baltimore), 42n, 583

American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 5n, 231, 233n

American Atlas (Mathew Carey), 464n

American Citizen and General Advertiser (New York), 217n, 376n

"American Merchant" (T. Coxe), 572n

American Mercury (Hartford, Conn.), 97

American Monitor. See School of Wisdom

American Museum (New York), 288-90

American Museum: or, Annual Register of Fugitive Pieces, Ancient and Modern. For the Year 1798 (Mathew Carey), 571-2

American Philosophical Society

and Royal Institution, 4-5, 311

elects members, 5n, 19n, 31n, 265n, 312, 416n, 480, 501, 503n, 510n, 589-90, 591, 595, 597n

officers, 5n, 8, 19n, 31-2n, 298n, 480-1n, 509, 510n, 591, 595

publishes Transactions, 5n, 8, 230, 232n, 302, 304n, 311, 346, 350, 479, 481n, 548, 549n, 591

receives communications, specimens, 5n, 18-19, 31, 37n, 55n, 230, 232n, 262, 448

and TJ's moldboard plow, 8

collects data on languages, 51n

committees, 230

studies decay of peach trees, 230, 232n

pamphlet on autumnal fever, 269n

and weather records, 287

elects TJ president, 298, 388, 509-10

papers by members, 299, 480n, 481n, 548, 549n

TJ respected as president of, 344, 345

meetings, 480, 481n, 510n

TJ's report on megalonyx, 591

American Revolution

and TJ's friendship with Rush, xxxvii, 112

Loyalists, 5n, 64n, 510n

persistent principles and spirit of, 6, 18, 52, 206, 209, 227, 229, 389, 551

and Ceracchi's designs, 61-2

certificates paid to soldiers, 77-80, 90n

renaming of places, streets, 111, 167

destruction of laws, records during, 141

histories of, 178, 349n

and France, 204n, 252, 354n

veterans of, 210n, 246n, 310, 315, 347, 351-2n, 370, 415n, 434, 544n, 592n

decline of principles of, followed by rise of partisanship, 370

Gérard claim, 384-5

Tarleton's raid, 452n

Sayre's role, 455-6

Americans in London, 535-6

Mazzei's role, 554, 555

Va. militia, 564

affects imports from Britain, 582n

American Universal Geography (Jedidiah Morse), 180

"Americanus" (pseudonym)

used by Beckley, 125n

"Americanus Urban" (pseudonym), 221n

American Vine-Dresser's Guide (John James Dufour), 533n

Amesbury, Mass., 198

Amiens, France, 394-5n

Amsterdam

letters sent through, 61, 89, 147

U.S. consul at, 132-3

market for saffron, 152

Amy. See Hern, Amy

Amy (TJ's slave), 164

Anacharsis. See Voyage du jeune Anacharsis en Grèce (Abbé Jean Jacques Barthélemy)

anarchy

as political epithet, 321, 365, 519n

TJ's followers motivated by, 508

Anatomy of the Human Body (William Cheselden), 178

Anderson, Adam

Historical and Chronological Deduction, 180

Anderson, Robert, 265

Anderson, William (London merchant), 275, 278

Annales of England (Francis Godwin, Bishop of Hereford), 176

Annan, Robert, 233n

Annapolis, Md., 226, 253n

Annapolis Convention (1786), 136n

Anne, Queen (Great Britain), 315, 316n

Annual Register, and Virginian Repository, for the Year 1800 (George Douglas), 220, 221n, 334, 335n

Answer to Alexander Hamilton's Letter (Citizen of New York), 329, 330n

Anthony, Joseph (Philadelphia)

letter to, 446

sells Trumbull's prints, 446

Antifederalists, 116, 525n

Apology for the Bible (Richard Watson, Bishop of Llandaff), 190-1, 193n

"Apotheosis of Washington" (John James Barralet), 420

Appel a l'Impartiale Postérité (Marie Jeanne Phlipon Roland de la Platière), 415

Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family

distribution, 8, 11n, 93, 518, 581

published with Notes, 219, 334n

Appleton, Thomas, 273, 276-7, 279, 340

Archaeologica Graeca: Or, the Antiquities of Greece (John Potter), 176

Argentina, 218n

Argus (New York), 330n, 376n

"Aristides" (pseudonym), 329, 330n

Aristotle, 479

Arlington, Vt., 197, 198

Armstrong, John (1755-1816)

letter from, 245-6

and Kosciuszko's lands, 101, 245-6

identified, 246n

Armstrong, Gen. John

elected to Senate, 315-16

suggested as secretary of war, 566

reports conversation with G. Morris, 590

Arnay, Jean Rodolphe d'

De la Vie privée des Romains, 177

Arrowsmith, Aaron

maps of North America, 69, 464n

New and Elegant General Atlas, 464n

Artemis, temple of, 129, 130n

Arthur, William

letter from, 410-12

asks TJ's religious views, 410-12

identified, 411-12n

artisans

slaves work as, 138n

Asia

languages, 35-7, 134

and origins of American Indians, 134

Asinius Pollio, Gaius, 487, 488n

Ast, William Frederick, 106n

Astronomie (Joseph Jérôme Le Français de Lalande), 180

astronomy

published tables, papers on, 71-2, 89, 147, 157, 255, 346, 479-80

books on, 180, 237, 298-9

data from Ellicott's boundary survey, 224, 336, 479-80

moon, 287, 334, 443

Newtonian theory, 299

meridian at Washington, 321, 346

and common almanacs, 334, 502n

declination of sun, 548, 549n

Astronomy (James Ferguson), 180

Atlas Portatif à l'Usage des Colleges (Abbé Grenet and Rigobert Bonne), 180

attorneys

in Ky., 38-9, 41, 561-3, 569-70

in Va., 38-9, 41, 499, 524n

equated with clergy, doctors, 103

in S.C., 208-9n, 348

part of Federalist establishment, 228

in N.H., 348

in Pa., 348, 483

in Del., 370-1

federal district attorneys, 387n

TJ employs, 419n

in Mass., 465

in N.Y., 550-1

read law in Albemarle Co., 561

Augusta Co., Va., 38n, 328n

Aurora (Philadelphia)

and rumor of TJ's death, 42n

commentary by, 46n, 435-6n

distribution of, in Va., 104

subscriptions to, 116n

publishes political essays, 135n, 329, 330n, 572n

prints letters, documents, 138n, 202n, 239n, 439n

advertisements, 210n, 212, 213n

Senate prosecution of Duane, 217n

on aspects of presidential election, 221-2, 487

calls Hamilton an intriguer, 304n

reports on Pa. election impasse, 309n, 336n

rumors of Federalist intrigues, 404n

Austin, William (editor), 201n

Austria

accedes to peace with France, xxxviii, 21-2, 101-2, 186-8, 191n, 192n, 202-3

relations with Louis XVI, 90n

relations with Britain, 187, 191n, 192n

negotiates at Rastatt, 192n

war renewed, ended, 340, 341n, 478, 584

Treaty of Lunéville, 372-3n, 586

releases Lafayette, 427, 430, 431n

and rule of Tuscany, 553, 555

and Naples, 587

Authentic Account of an Embassy from the King of Great Britain to the Emperor of China (George Leonard Staunton), 35, 37n

Aventures de Télémaque (François de Salignac de La Mothe-Fénelon), 502, 503n

Azara, José Nicolás de, 88, 90n

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Selected Documents

10 January 1801

From Thomas McKean

Jefferson learns of the electoral tie between him and fellow Republican candidate Aaron Burr. The selection of the next president will be determined by vote in the House of Representatives.

12 January 1801

To William Dunbar

Jefferson sends to a plantation owner and naturalist in Mississippi his observations on weather and climate, rainbows, and Indian vocabularies.

12 February 1801

Jefferson’s Reports of Balloting in the House of Representatives

Jefferson updates his friends in Virginia on the suspenseful electoral impasse after repeated balloting in the House of Representatives. Not until the 36th ballot taken five days later did Jefferson know he had been selected the next president of the United States.

Search form

Volume 32

Volume Details

A

"A.B." (pseudonym)

letter from, 506-9

apprehensive of TJ's election, 506-9

Abeille Americaine, 320n

Abert, Geneviève Marie. See La Marche, Madame de

abolition

southern states will not dismantle slavery, 155, 295

Africa furnishes little hope to "friends of freedom," 168

in Del., 497n

advocated, 582n

Abraham (ca. 1740-1818, Abram, TJ's slave), 417

Abram (b. 1794, TJ's slave), 164

Abridgment of the Public Permanent Laws of Virginia (Edmund Randolph), 471, 472n

"Account of the Capitol in Virginia" (Thomas Jefferson), 335n

Adair, Douglass, 382n

Adams, Abigail

quoted, 201n

relationship to Cranch, 377

Adams, George

Micrographia Illustra, 178

Adams, John

letter to, 476

Opinions

thought to be pro-British, anti-French, 196-202

portrays opponents as deluded, 198-9

views of republicanism, 199-200, 202n, 253n

denounces "rage for innovation," 200

Personal Affairs

son-in-law refutes charges, 351-2

relationship to Cranch, 377

relationship to J. Johnson, 477n

Politics

less an aristocrat than TJ, 53

toasted, 60

and C. C. Pinckney candidacy, 91n, 97, 217-18, 229, 263

support for, in New England, 97, 343

1796 electoral vote, 124, 309n

Paine disdains Adams, 186, 189, 193n

relations with Federalists, 189, 341n, 466

said to misrepresent his opponents, 198-9, 202n

associates republicanism with despotism, 199

weak support for in Del., 217-18

Callender on prospects of, 238

Hamilton's Letter, 239, 304n, 422

electoral vote, 263, 271, 300, 306, 307, 309, 322, 324, 347, 357, 358n

Federalists' patronage expectations, 308

President

address to Congress opening session, vii, 248, 250, 601

and proposed military academy, 5n

and recommendations for board of agriculture, 14

replies to addresses on XYZ affair, 34n, 196-202

criticized, 129, 138n, 189, 193n, 196-202, 456, 523n, 574

and establishment of navy, 138n

uses furnishings appropriation to buy horses for President's House stable, 140

late-term appointments, 162n, 296n

receives Ellsworth's resignation, 168n, 323-4n

cabinet politics, 185, 195

and Pickering, 189, 193n, 195, 465-6, 469n, 492

declaration of fast day, 202n

relations with France, 204n, 383n

and prosecution of sedition trials, 210n

and Blount conspiracy, 224

and Ellicott, 224, 321, 548

thought to be avoiding pact with France, 234-5, 244, 248, 252-3

May 1797 address by Senate, 253n

political patronage in Pa., 308, 309n

administration compared to reign of Queen Anne, 315

R. Peale seeks appointment, 316, 317n

submits U.S.-French convention to Senate, 318-19, 323n, 504

appoints chief justice, 324n

makes appointments, 353n, 377n, 443n, 495n, 536, 544n, 563n, 566, 567n, 570n, 577n

and Saint-Domingue, 357n

requests recall of Irujo, 396-7

and fires in government offices, 435-6

relationship with Washington, 436, 439n

low regard for, 436-7