1 January 1798 to 31 January 1799

Volume Details

Description

During the thirteen months covered by this volume, Thomas Jefferson spent more than half of his time in Philadelphia serving as vice president under President John Adams and presiding over a Senate that was dominated by his political opponents, the Federalists. Debates in Congress took place against a backdrop of bitter partisan rivalry, characterized most famously by the near-brawl on the floor of the House between Matthew Lyon and Roger Griswold. Congress and the nation waited, in a "state of extraordinary suspense," for dispatches from the American envoys in France. When the accounts of the XYZ Affair became public, the nation prepared for war. Two days after the Alien Friends Act was signed into law Jefferson left for Monticello, stopping at Montpelier to convey the latest news to James Madison. Disheartened and frustrated by the Alien and Sedition Acts, Jefferson penned the famous resolutions adopted in November by the Kentucky legislature. He kept his authorship a secret, however, seeking to avoid any appearance of "rashness" by Republicans. This endeavor reflected his struggle to make sense of the political direction of the nation in times he could neither comprehend nor accept.

Jefferson continued to engage in scientific pursuits and fulfill his role as a promoter of American science and learning. He was reelected to the presidency of the American Philosophical Society, to which he presented his paper on the moldboard plow. He corresponded on American Indian languages, astronomy, and the Anglo-Saxon language. He longed for Monticello, and, as Jefferson had learned before, his property fell into neglect when he was away on public business. Renovations to the house slowed, supplies for the nailery were disrupted, and he had to arrange for the sale of his crops through intermediaries. With the prices of wheat low, he was drawn back into financial dependence on tobacco.

Table of Contents

CONTENTS

FOREWORD	vii
EDITORIAL METHOD AND APPARATUS	xiii
ILLUSTRATIONS	xxxix
JEFFERSON CHRONOLOGY	2


From Luther Martin, 1 January 1798	3
To John Page, [1] January 1798	7
To Mann Page, 2 January 1798	8
To James Madison, 3 January 1798	9
From George Jefferson, 4 January 1798	12
From Stevens Thomson Mason, 4 January 1798	12
Notes on the Formation of the Federal Government, 5 January 1798	13
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 7 January 1798	14
From Luther Martin, 8 January 1798	16
From James Monroe, 8 January 1798	21
To Angelica Church, 11 January 1798	23
To Catherine Church, 11 January 1798	24
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 11 January 1798	25
From John Gibson, 12 January 1798	26
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 13 January 1798	26
To James Brown, 14 January 1798	28
To George Jefferson, 14 January 1798	29
From Luther Martin, 14 January 1798	30
To Edmund Pendleton, 14 January 1798	35
To Edmund Randolph, 14 January 1798	36
From Samuel Magaw, 19 January 1798	36
From Mann Page, 19 January 1798	37
Stevens Thomson Mason's Copy of Logan's Speech, 20 January 1798	38
Notes on a Conversation with Uriah Springer, 20 January 1798	39
From James Madison, 21 January 1798	40
To Peter Legaux, 22 January 1798	41
From John Page, 22 January 1798	43
From Martha Jefferson Randolph, 22 January 1798	43
Jefferson, the Aurora, and Delamotte's Letter from France	44
I. Delamotte to Jefferson, 23 January 1798	45
II. Letter from a Well Informed Merchant in France, 1 February 1798	50
From William Short, 23 January 1798	52
To James Madison, 24 January 1798	53
From George Jefferson & Company, 25 January 1798	55
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 25 January 1798	55
From James Monroe, 27 January 1798	57
To Henry Tazewell, 27 January, enclosing Notes on
Criminal Prosecutions and Impeachment, [26 January 1798]	58
To Samuel Livermore, 28 January 1798	61
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 28 January 1798	62
From John Wise, 28 January 1798	63
From Edmund Pendleton, 29 January 1798	64
From La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, 30 January 1798	65
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 30 January 1798	68
From Mary Jefferson Eppes, 1 February 1798	69
From Peter Charles Varlé, 1 February 1798	70
From Arthur Campbell, 2 February 1798	71
From John Gibson, 2 February 1798	72
From Hugh Williamson, enclosing
Memorandum on Exports of North Carolina, 2 February 1798	72
From Luther Martin, 3 February 1798	73
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 3 February 1798	78
To William Linn, 5 February 1798	81
To David Longworth, 5 February 1798	82
Notes on Anti-French Sentiment in
the Washington Administration, [before 6 February 1798]	83
Notes on a Conversation with Abraham Baldwin, 6 February 1798	83
From Samuel Sitgreaves, 6 February 1798	84
Address from Samuel Sitgreaves to the Senate, [7 February 1798]	85
From William Linn, 8 February 1798	86
To James Madison, 8 February 1798	87
To James Monroe, [8 February 1798]	89
Notes on the Framing of Oaths, [ca. 8-9 February 1798]	91
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 8 February 1798	91
Notes for a Letter to Hugh Williamson, [11 February 1798]	92
To Hugh Williamson, 11 February 1798	93
From James Madison, 12 February 1798	94
From James Monroe, 12 February 1798	96
To John Wise, 12 February 1798	98
To John Gibson, 13 February 1798	100
From Mann Page, 13 February 1798, enclosing Statement of
John Anderson and Hugh Mercer's Copy of Logan's Speech	101
To George Jefferson, 14 February 1798	103
From Luther Martin, 14 February 1798	105
From Horatio Gates, 15 February 1798	110
To James Madison, 15 February 1798	111
Notes on a Conversation with John Adams, 15 February 1798	113
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 15 February 1798	114
To John Wayles Eppes, 18 February 1798	115
From James Madison, [18 or 19 February 1798]	116
From Nathaniel Cutting, 19 February 1798	118
From James Monroe, 19 February 1798	120
Emendations to the Senate Journal, [20 February 1798]	121
To Jean Armand Tronchin, 20 February 1798	122
To Horatio Gates, 21 February 1798	123
Notes on Newspaper Articles, 21 February 1798	124
To James Madison, 22 February 1798	125
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 22 February 1798	127
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 22 February 1798	128
Certificate for George Taylor, Jr., 22 February 1798	129
To Peregrine Fitzhugh, 23 February 1798	129
To James Martin, 23 February 1798	131
To Thomas Willing, 23 February 1798	132
From George Jefferson, 24 February 1798	132
From James Monroe, 25 February 1798	133
From Luther Martin, 26 February 1798	133
From Martha Jefferson Randolph, 26 February 1798	144
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 26 February 1798	145
From Horatio Gates, 27 February 1798	146
From William Short, 27 February 1798	146
From George Jefferson, 1 March 1798	154
Notes on a Conversation with Henry Tazewell, 1 March 1798	155
To James Madison, 2 March 1798	156
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 2 March 1798	158
From Hugh Williamson, 3 March 1798	158
To Bishop James Madison, 4 March 1798	159
From James Madison, 4 March 1798	162
From Edmund Pendleton, 5 March 1798	164
To Mann Page, 6 March 1798	165
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 7 March 1798	166
To George Jefferson, 8 March 1798	167
To James Monroe, 8 March 1798	168
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 8 March 1798	170
From James Currie, 11 March 1798	171
Notes on Conversations with
Abraham Baldwin, John Brown, and John Hunter, 11 March 1798	172
From Joel Barlow, 12 March 1798	174
From Joel Barlow, 12 March 1798	175
From James Madison, 12 March 1798	175
Notes on Senators' Comments about
House Impeachment Committee, 12 March 1798	176
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 12 March 1798	177
From Bishop James Madison, 13 March 1798	177
To George Jefferson, 14 March 1798	179
From John Beckley, 15 March 1798	180
From George Jefferson, 15 March 1798	180
To James Madison, 15 March 1798	181
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 15 March 1798	182
From Fulwar Skipwith, 17 March 1798	183
From Mary Jefferson Eppes, 20 March 1798	187
From James Thomson Callender, 21 March 1798	188
To James Madison, 21 March 1798	189
To James Monroe, 21 March 1798	191
To George Jefferson, 22 March 1798	192
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 22 March 1798	192
To Carlos Martínez de Irujo, 23 March 1798	194
From Tadeusz Kosciuszko, [on or before 23 March 1798]	195
To Philippe de Létombe, 23 March 1798	197
To Sir John Sinclair, 23 March 1798	197
To William Strickland, 23 March 1798	209
To Elizabeth Wayles Eppes, 24 March 1798	214
To Andrew Gwin, 24 March 1798	215
To Samuel Brown, 25 March 1798	216
To Henry Remsen, 25 March 1798	217
From John Taylor, 25 March 1798	217
To John Wickham, 25 March 1798	218
From Joel Barlow, 26 March 1798	219
From Andrew Gwin, 26 March 1798	219
From George Jefferson, 26 March 1798	220
From James Monroe, 26 March 1798	221
To Robert Liston, 27 March 1798	223
To Robert Patterson, 27 March 1798	224
From Benjamin H. Latrobe, 28 March 1798	224
From Isaac Ledyard, 29 March 1798	226
To James Madison, 29 March 1798	227
From Robert Patterson, 29 March 1798	230
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 29 March 1798	231
From Louis of Parma, 30 March 1798	232
To Robert Patterson, 30 March 1798	234
To Robert Patterson, 31 March 1798	234
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 1 April 1798	235
To Bishop James Madison, 1 April 1798	236
To Mathew Carey, 2 April 1798	237
To William Linn, 2 April 1798	238
From James Madison, 2 April 1798	238
To Edmund Pendleton, 2 April 1798	240
From John Wickham, 2 April 1798	242
From William Linn, 4 April 1798	243
From John Taylor, 4 April 1798	243
To James Madison, 5 April 1798	244
To James Monroe, 5 April 1798	246
Notes on a Conversation with Benjamin Rush, 5 April 1798	248
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 5 April 1798	248
From Aaron Burr, 6 April 1798	249
To James Madison, 6 April 1798	250
To John Taylor, enclosing
Drawing of a Threshing Machine, 6 April 1798	252
From James Monroe, 8 April 1798	254
To Thomas Carstairs, 9 April 1798	255
From “Americanus,” 10 April 1798	255
To John Wayles Eppes, 11 April 1798	263
To John Heckewelder, 11 April 1798	264
From George Jefferson, 11 April 1798	265
To Peter Carr, 12 April 1798	266
To James Madison, 12 April 1798	268
To Thomas Mann Randolph, enclosing
Memorandum for Samuel Arnold, 12 April 1798	269
Notes on British Instructions and
on Clement Humphreys, 13 April 1798	271
From Tadeusz Kosciuszko, [14 April 1798]	272
From James Monroe, 14 April 1798	272
From Bishop James Madison, 15 April 1798	273
From James Madison, 15 April 1798	274
From William Short, 15 April 1798	277
To John Beckley, 16 April 1798	277
To John Beckley, 17 April 1798	278
To John Beckley, 17 April 1798	278
To James Madison, 19 April 1798	279
To James Madison, [19 April 1798]	280
To James Monroe, 19 April 1798	281
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 19 April 1798	282
From David Redick, 19 April, enclosing
David Redick to John Fenno, 29 March 1798	285
From Tadeusz Kosciuszko, [21 April 1798]	288
From James Madison, 22 April 1798	289
From Thomas Mann Randolph, [22 April 1798]	290
From John Heckewelder, 23 April 1798	291
To Tadeusz Kosciuszko, 23 April 1798	291
Memorandum to Tadeusz Kosciuszko, [25 April 1798]	292
Notes on Conversation with Tench Coxe, 25 April 1798	293
From Palisot de Beauvois, 25 April 1798	293
From Edmund Pendleton, 25 April 1798	298
From Timothy Pickering, 25 April 1798	298
To James Madison, 26 April 1798	299
From John Page, 26 April 1798	302
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 26 April 1798	304
From John Heckewelder, enclosing
Heckewelder's Memorandum on the Logan Affair, 28 April 1798	305
To Sir John Sinclair, 28 April 1798	310
From James Madison, 29 April 1798	311
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 29 April 1798	312
Power of Attorney from Tadeusz Kosciuszko, 30 April 1798	313
To Van Staphorst & Hubbard, 30 April 1798	315
To William Short, 1 May 1798	317
To Van Staphorst & Hubbard, 1 May 1798	320
From St. George Tucker, 2 May 1798	321
To James Madison, 3 May 1798	322
Notes on Presidential Appointments, 3 May 1798	325
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 3 May 1798	325
From James Lewis, Jr., 4 May 1798	327
From James Monroe, 4 May 1798	328
To Edmund Pendleton, 4 May 1798	330
From Tadeusz Kosciuszko, [before 5 May 1798]	331
Preliminary Will of Tadeusz Kosciuszko, [before 5 May 1798]	332
Will of Tadeusz Kosciuszko, 5 May 1798	332
From James Madison, 5 May 1798	333
To John Wayles Eppes, 6 May 1798	335
To John Harvie, 6 May 1798	337
To George Jefferson, 6 May 1798	337
From Peter Carr, 7 May 1798	338
To James Lewis, Jr., 9 May 1798	339
Notes on Insects, 9 May 1798	340
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 9 May 1798	341
To St. George Tucker, 9 May 1798	342
To George Jefferson, 10 May 1798	343
To James Madison, 10 May 1798	343
To Timothy Pickering, 11 May 1798	345
From Martha Jefferson Randolph, 12 May 1798	346
From John Taylor, [before 13 May 1798]	347
From James Madison, 13 May 1798	348
From George Jefferson, 14 May 1798	349
From James Monroe, 14 May 1798	350
From John Harvie, 15 May 1798	351
From James Lewis, Jr., 15 May 1798	352
To James Madison, 17 May 1798	353
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 17 May 1798	354
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 18 May 1798	355
To Aaron Burr, 20 May 1798	356
To George Jefferson, 20 May 1798	357
From James Madison, 20 May 1798	358
To James Monroe, 21 May 1798	360
From George Jefferson, 23 May 1798	362
From Aaron Burr, 24 May 1798	362
To James Madison, 24 May 1798	363
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 24 May 1798	365
To Aaron Burr, 26 May 1798	366
From Mary Jefferson Eppes, 27 May 1798	367
From James Madison, 27 May 1798	368
From Julian Ursin Niemcewicz, 27 May 1798	369
From George Jefferson, enclosing
Statement of Account with George Jefferson, 28 May 1798	372
From Lord Somerville, 28 May 1798	376
To Tadeusz Kosciuszko, 30 May 1798	376
To Jacob Van Staphorst, 30 May 1798	378
To James Madison, 31 May 1798	378
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 31 May 1798	381
From George Jefferson, 1 June 1798	382
From James Monroe, 1 June 1798	382
To Julian Ursin Niemcewicz, 1 June 1798	383
From James Madison, 3 June 1798	383
From Janet Livingston Montgomery, 3 June 1798	385
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 3 June 1798	385
Certificate for George Logan, 4 June 1798	386
From Sir John Sinclair, 4 June 1798	387
To John Taylor, 4 June 1798	387
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, [6 June 1798]	390
From James Fennell, 6 June 1798	391
To John Page, 6 June 1798	392
To James Madison, 7 June 1798	393
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 7 June 1798	395
To Archibald Stuart, 8 June 1798	396
From Julian Ursin Niemcewicz, 9 June 1798	398
From James Monroe, [before 10] June 1798	400
From James Madison, 10 June 1798	404
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 10 June 1798	406
To John Beckley, 12 June 1798	407
To James Fennell, 12 June 1798	407
To James Madison, 14 June 1798	408
To Julian Ursin Niemcewicz, 14 June 1798	409
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 14 June 1798	410
To Benjamin Harrison, Jr., 15 June 1798	411
To George Jefferson, 15 June 1798	411
To James Lyle, 15 June 1798	412
To John Wickham, 15 June 1798	413
To Aaron Burr, 16 June 1798	413
From James Monroe, 16 June 1798	414
To Tadeusz Kosciuszko, 18 June 1798	416
To James Madison, 21 June 1798	416
From John Page, 21 June 1798	419
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 21 June 1798	421
To Peter Carr, [2]2 June 1798	422
From John Wickham, 22 June 1798	423
To John Marshall, 23 June 1798	423
From Martha Jefferson Randolph, [23 June 1798]	424
From John Marshall, [24 June 1798]	424
To Philip Nolan, 24 June 1798	425
To John Read, 25 June 1798	426
From John Taylor, 25 June 1798	430
To George Jefferson, 26 June 1798	435
Statement of Account from John Francis, [27 June 1798]	436
From John Brown, 29 June1798	436
Certificate for John and Gabriella Brockenbrough, 29 June 1798	437
From Stevens Thomson Mason, 29 June 1798	438
Memorandum of Expenses in Philadelphia, [June 1798]	439
From Henry Tazewell, 5 July 1798	440
From Stevens Thomson Mason, 6 July1798	443
From George Jefferson, 9 July 1798	445
From Samuel Clarke, 10 July 1798	446
From Henry Tazewell, 12 July 1798	447
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 13 July 1798	450
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 14 July 1798	451
To George Jefferson, 14 July 1798	452
From Tadeusz Kosciuszko, [15 July-5 August 1798]	453
From Tadeusz Kosciuszko, [15 July-5 August 1798]	454
From James Monroe, 16 July 1798	454
From William Strickland, 16 July 1798	455
From John Wickham, 16 July 1798	459
From Benjamin Harrison, Jr., 18 July 1798	459
From Archibald Hamilton Rowan, [before 19] July 1798	460
From George Jefferson, 23 July 1798	461
From Jacob Van Staphorst, 25 July 1798	461
From Pierre Auguste Adet, 27 July 1798	462
To John Barnes, 27 July 1798	466
From George Jefferson, 30 July 1798	467
Declaration of Hanbury's Executor against
Wayles's Executors, [July 1798]	467
To St. George Tucker, 2 August 1798	470
To John Wickham, 2 August 1798	470
Notes on Federalist Arguments in
Congressional Debates, [after 3 August 1798]	471
From William Short, 6 August 1798	473
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 15 August 1798	483
To Samuel Smith, 22 August 1798	484
From William Short, 24 August 1798	487
From Tadeusz Kosciuszko, [24-29 August 1798]	497
From Sir Peyton Skipwith, 25 August 1798	498
From Nathaniel Cutting, 27 August 1798	498
From Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours, 27 August 1798	501
From Van Staphorst & Hubbard, 28 August 1798	503
To Thomas Mann Randolph, [29 August 1798]	504
To John Barnes, 31 August 1798	505
From Julian Ursin Niemcewicz, 3 September 1798	506
From Samuel Brown, 4 September 1798, enclosing
George Rogers Clark to Samuel Brown, 17 June 1798	509
From Palisot de Beauvois, 4 September 1798	515
To Janet Livingston Montgomery, 4 September 1798	516
To Sir Peyton Skipwith, 4 September 1798	517
Certificate for Alexander Spotswood, 12 September 1798	518
From John Brown, 15 September 1798	519
From James Thomson Callender, 22 September 1798	521
From Benjamin H. Latrobe, 22 September 1798	523
To John Barnes, 25 September 1798	525
To Samuel Clarke, 25 September 1798	526
To John McDowell, 25 September 1798	527
To Archibald Hamilton Rowan, 26 September	528
From John McDowell, 27 September	529
The Kentucky Resolutions of 1798	529
I. Jefferson's Draft, [before 4 October 1798]	536
II. Jefferson's Fair Copy, [before 4 October 1798]	543
III. Resolutions Adopted by the Kentucky General Assembly,
10 November 1798	550
From Wilson Cary Nicholas, 4 October 1798	556
To Wilson Cary Nicholas, 5 October 1798	557
From William Short, 9 October 1798	557
To James Thomson Callender, 11 October 1798	558
To Stevens Thomson Mason, 11 October 1798	559
From George Jefferson, 15 October 1798	560
To George Jefferson, 18 October 1798	561
To Benjamin H. Latrobe, 18 October 1798	561
To Samuel Clarke, 22 October 1798	562
To John McDowell, 22 October 1798	563
From John McDowell, 23 October 1798	563
From Benjamin Smith Barton, 26 October 1798	564
From James Thomson Callender, 26 October 1798	564
To James Madison, 26 October 1798	567
To Sir Herbert Croft, 30 October 1798	568
From James Madison, 31 October 1798	571
Petition to the General Assembly of Virginia, [2 or 3 November 1798]	571
To James Madison, 3 November 1798	576
To Aaron Burr, 12 November 1798	576
From Elbridge Gerry, 12 November 1798	577
From George Jefferson, 12 November 1798	579
To James Madison, 17 November 1798	579
From James Thomson Callender, 19 November 1798	580
To John Barnes, 23 November 1798	585
From Stevens Thomson Mason, 23 November 1798	586
From John Wayles Eppes, 24 November 1798	587
From George Jefferson & Company, 26 November 1798	588
To John Taylor, 26 November 1798	588
To Wilson Cary Nicholas, 29 November 1798	590
To Julian Ursin Niemcewicz, 30 November1798	591
From Lord Somerville, 1 December 1798	591
From George Jefferson, 3 December 1798	592
To George Jefferson, 4 December 1798	592
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 4 December 1798	593
Course of Reading for William G. Munford, [5 December 1798]	594
From Henry Tazewell, 7 December 1798	597
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 8 December 1798	599
Statement of Account with William Davenport, 10 December 1798	599
From John Taylor, [before 11 December 1798]	601
From James Madison, 11 December 1798	603
To George Jefferson, 17 December 1798	603
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 20 December 1798	604
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 27 December 1798	605
From James Madison, 29 December 1798	605

1799
To Mary Jefferson Eppes, 1 January 1799	607
From George Jefferson & Company, 1 January 1799	608
Notes on Comments by John Adams, [1-14 January 1799]	608
To George Jefferson, 2 January 1799	609
To James Madison, 3 January 1799	610
To James Monroe, 3 January 1799	612
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 3 January 1799	613
Notes on William Blount's Impeachment Trial, 5 January 1799	614
To Aaron Burr, 7 January 1799	616
From George Jefferson, 8 January 1799	617
From James Sullivan, 8 January 1799	617
To George Jefferson, 10 January 1799	618
Senate Resolution on William Blount, [11 January 1799]	618
From James Madison, 12 January 1799	619
To Jean Antoine Gautier, 14 January 1799	620
Notes on Comments by
Timothy Pickering and John Adams, 14 January 1799	621
From George Jefferson, 15 January 1799	621
To James Madison, 16 January 1799	622
To Julian Ursin Neimcewicz, 16 January 1799	625
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 17 January 1799	626
From Julian Ursin Niemcewicz, 19 January 1799	627
From Thomas Mann Randolph, 19 January 1799	628
From John Wayles Eppes, 20 January 1799	629
From George Jefferson, 20 January 1799	629
To John Wayles Eppes, 21 January 1799	630
From Mary Jefferson Eppes, 21 January 1799	632
To George Jefferson, 22 January 1799	633
To James Monroe, 23 January 1799	633
To Martha Jefferson Randolph, 23 January 1799	637
From John Beckley, 24 January 1799	638
From John Wayles Eppes, 24 January 1799	639
To John Page, 24 January 1799	640
To John Taylor, 24 January 1799	641
To James Wood, 24 January 1799	642
From James Madison, 25 January 1799	642
To Henry Remsen, 25 January 1799	644
To Elbridge Gerry, enclosing Senate Votes on
Gerry's Appointment as Envoy to France, 26 January 1799	645
From Robert R. Livingston, enclosing
Livingston's Steam Engine, 26 January 1799	653
From James Monroe, 26 January 1799	658
Notes on a Letter from Thomas Tingey to
the Secretary of the Navy, [after 27 January 1799]	659
From George Jefferson, 29 January 1799	660
To Edmund Pendleton, 29 January 1799	661
To Nicholas Lewis, 30 January 1799	663
To James Madison, 30 January 1799	665
To Thomas Mann Randolph, 30 January 1799	667
To George Jefferson, 31 January 1799	669

APPENDIX: Notations by Jefferson on Senate Documents	671

INDEX	681

Index

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

abolition:

Short on prospects of, 149-53

advantages of gradual emancipation, 151-2

emancipation societies, 153

Abraham (TJ's slave), 269

Abridgment of Cases in Equity. See General Abridgement of Cases in Equity

Adams, Abigail:

declines invitations of, 132

TJ records comments apparently made by, 248

ADAMS, JOHN

Opinions

on celebration of Washington's birthday, 112n, 156, 221

on bank notes, 113 on France, 113, 359-60, 621

on importance of strong Senate, 113, 126-7

seen as disciple of Burke, 174n

on moving government to Washington, 228, 275-6

on British government, 368-9

on democrats, 608-9

on Gerry, 621

Politics

public's opinions of, xl

influence of Sewall on, 173

President

addresses and petitions to, vii, 268, 279-80, 322, 324, 341-2, 344, 351, 582-4

XYZ affair, vii, xl

19 Mch. message to Congress, viii, 189-93, 227, 231, 239

on convening Congress during epidemics, 10, 11n

accused of trampling on Constitution, 22

united with Senate, 22 May 1797

address to Congress, 35n, 250, 263, 267, 269, 274-5, 339

and relations with France, 35n, 65, 66, 67, 118-19, 120, 166n, 174n, 184-6, 219, 254, 274-5, 348, 414-15, 462n, 486n, 489, 491, 496, 621

Nov. 1797 address to Congress, 46, 49n, 119, 185, 250, 335

on attack by French privateer, 88-90

and foreign diplomats, 89

sends correspondence, papers to Congress, 94, 112n, 165-6, 245-6, 673, 679

and appointments, 112n, 280-1, 323-5, 326, 331, 625n, 660n

distrusts France, 113

Madison's views on, 116-17, 384

appoints son minister to Prussia, 120, 182

5 Mch. message to Congress, 165-6n, 170, 264n

delays sending XYZ dispatches, 166n

expects war with France, 166n, 241, 640, 647-8, 652n, 653n, 663

cabinet politics, 173, 182

criticized, 174n, 184, 420-1, 522n

and House of Representatives, 176, 395n

and arming of merchant vessels, 194, 217, 239

and patronage, 225

signs legislation, 229n, 300n, 301n, 354n, 380n, 395n, 408-9, 410, 518n, 522n, 617n, 624n

characterized, 239, 405-6

lack of communication with Washington, 248

3 Apr. message to Congress, 263-4, 266-70, 283, 289, 290, 335, 338

sends dispatch to U.S. envoys, 271

replies to addresses on XYZ affair, 279-80, 322-4, 326, 331, 335, 353, 359-60, 362n, 363, 382n, 402-5, 462n

and publication of XYZ dispatches, 289

judicial appointments, 300, 301-2n

4 May message to Congress, 335-6, 359-60

proclaims national Fast Day, 336, 341-2, 344, 353

receives threats of plot to burn Philadelphia, 353

and departures of French from U.S., 362n

on treaty with France, 364-5, 379

influence in Congress, 368

refuses papers for French consul general, 380, 393, 396

5 June message to Congress, 391n, 392-8, 419-20

orders envoys to leave France, 397

authorized to raise army and borrow money, 408-11, 447, 665-6

and Gerry negotiation, communication, 417-18, 422, 444, 610, 614, 622

21 June message to Congress, 418-19, 421-2, 484-6

and Saint-Domingue, 438-9, 665, 667

appoints Washington commander, 440, 443n, 445, 448

powers of, 441

and Sedition Act, 447

role in command of military, 471-3

and Short, 491

Ky. Federalists seek to praise, 519

TJ fears lifetime tenure for, 560, 646

described, 566-7, 581

and prosecutions under Sedition Act, 576

8 Dec. annual message to Congress, 604-8, 610-11, 616-17n

and G. Logan's mission to France, 607n, 658

and M. Lyon's petition, 610-11

sets conditions for negotiations with France, 611n

Message from the President of the United States, Accompanying Sundry Papers, 631, 636n, 638n, 640-1, 648, 651n, 663-4, 667

and bill to suspend trade with France, 636-7n

21 Jan. 1799 message to Congress submitting Pickering's report, 638n, 640-1, 648-50, 663-4

Relations with Jefferson

dinner conversation, 113

over relations with France, 120

Gerry on, 479

Writings

Defence of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America, 368-9, 416-19

Adams, John Quincy, 120, 182

Adams, Thomas. See Independent Chronicle

Adams administration:

TJ criticizes, vii

and relations with France, Spain, 95, 115, 120

and appointments, 111

and news from envoys in Paris, 125

Monroe criticizes, 221, 402-3, 414-15

petitions supporting, 242

lack of confidence in, 272

referred to as royalists, 272

and newspapers, 275

and XYZ affair, 275, 368

urges war with France, 283, 384

patronage in, 326

criticized, 329

and policies toward France, 351n

weakness of republican principles in, 401-2

support for, 557n, 643

and Jay Treaty commission, 627

Adderson, Capt.:

and TJ's nailrod shipment, 609, 617, 622

health of, 622, 660

Addison, Alexander:

Infallible Cure, 524, 525n

Adet, Pierre Auguste:

letter from, 462-5

warned of U.S. hostility towards France, 83

aids Palisot de Beauvois, 297n

presents French flag, 359-60

on U.S.-French relations, 462-5, 499

Adriana (ship):

and Kosciuszko, xlii, 399, 400, 416

adultery, 59

Adventures of Telemachus Son of Ulysses (François de Salignac de La Mothe-Fénelon), 82-3

Africa:

European explorations in, 149, 154n

and slave trade, 152, 428

botany of, 297n

British excluded from ports of, 458

African Education Society, 333n

Age of Reason. Part the Second (Thomas Paine), 581

Agricola (Cornelius Tacitus), 595

agriculture:

and keeping of Sabbath, 125

effect on, of deportation of blacks, 150

TJ praises research in, 197

influenced by ratio of laborers to land, 211

effects of tobacco, corn on land, 318

Aitken, Robert, 105n

Aix-la-Chapelle:

treaty of, 18

Aland, Sir John Fortescue. See Fortescue Aland, Sir John

Albemarle Co., Va.:

resolutions of Assembly on petition from, 22

demand for hired slaves in, 28

and TJ's grand jury petition, 255-62

and execution of Kosciuszko's will, 333n

TJ plans to attend court, 398, 422

land prices, 478

proposed canal, 523-4, 561-2

protests Alien and Sedition Acts, 532

neighborhood politics, 561-2

and TJ's petition on jurors, 571-4, 576

alcohol, 592-3

Alexander the Great, 458

Alexandria, Va.:

bank notes of, 383

employment in, 559

Algiers:

U.S. relations with, 279

Alien Enemies Act (1798):

TJ compares to Senate alien bill, 323-4, 341, 344, 363, 365

proposed in House, 324n, 326, 360

Alien Friends Act (1798):

and French visitors to U.S., vii, xliii, 360

TJ's views on, vii-ix, 341, 345n, 635, 661

introduced by Livermore, xlii passage, xlii-xliii

TJ's docketing on, xlii-xliii, 364 (illus.)

and Hillhouse resolution, 299-300, 301n

as part of Federalist program, 299-300, 305

in Senate, 323-4, 326, 344, 353, 360, 363, 365, 377, 393, 674-6, 678

terms of, 324n

TJ's notes on procedural matters concerning, 345n

Madison's opinion of, 359

and treaty rights, 379-80, 393

opposition to, 487n, 532, 557n, 582-5, 643, 649, 662n, 664, 665-7

condemned in Ky., 510-12, 519, 532-4

and H. Marshall's poem, 512n

and Ky. Resolutions, 531, 535, 537-8, 540, 542-3n, 545-6, 548, 551-2, 554

unconstitutionality of, 559-60, 589-90

defended by Pickering, 584n

and Va. Resolutions, 606

and Gordon's History, 619

Aliens: A Patriotic Poem (Humphrey Marshall), 380, 405, 511, 512n

Allarde, Pierre Gilbert Leroy, baron d', 222

Allen, John, 301-2n, 445n

Allen, Richard H., 628

Allgemeine Geographische Ephemeriden, 161n

American Gazetteer (Jedidiah Morse), 86, 87n

"American Merchant" (T. Coxe), 125n, 169n

American Philosophical Society:

elects TJ president, viii, 36-7

TJ presides over, viii, 37n, 70n, 161n, 162n, 509n, 656n

and TJ's moldboard plow, viii, 207-8n, 224, 389n

officers, 36-7, 39-40n, 273n, 297n

receives communications, specimens, 37n, 158, 159n

expels G. Turner, 39-40n

elects members, 39n, 159n, 161n, 162n, 225n, 265n, 297n, 372n, 509n

papers by members, 39n, 273n, 297n

finances, operations, 40n, 162n, 297n, 656n

and Legaux, 42

and efforts against yellow fever, 70-1

collects astronomical data, 160, 161-2n

books presented to, 161n, 162n

TJ's report on megalonyx, 178, 232, 236-7, 297n

and study of magnetism, 273n

and trans-Mississippi west, 425

TJ, Franklin praised for association with, 515-16

TJ likes living near, 585

TJ's possible reference to, 623

and Livingston's steam apparatus, 656n

TJ's dues, 656n

American Revolution:

and British in Va., 62, 342, 518

principles of, 64, 242, 359-60, 394

France's participation in, 118

role of Quakers in, 228

Delaware Indians and, 310n

cockades worn during, 353

and Tory refugees, 619-20

American Universal Geography (Jedidiah Morse), 594

"Americanus" (pseudonym):

letter from, 255-62

attacks TJ, 255-62, 302-4

Ames, Fisher:

and Jay Treaty, 472-3n, 625n

speeches printed, distributed, 524

Amherst Co., Va.:

and TJ's grand jury petition, 40-1, 57, 255-62

sale of nails in, 446n

Amsterdam:

and Kosciuszko's funds, 292, 321, 378, 416, 453, 454, 461-2, 497

U.S. securities marketed in, 316n

Anacharsis. See Barthélemy, Jean Jaques, Abbé

Anatomy of the Human Body (William Cheselden), 594

Anderson, John (Fredericksburg, Va.):

on Logan affair, 101-2, 165

Anderson, Joseph:

in Senate, 121n, 176, 364, 673, 675

Anderson, Matthew, 303-4

Anderson, Richard Clough, 303-4

Andras, Catherine, xl

Andromache, xli

Anglo-Saxon language:

TJ's study of, 568-71

and study of law, 569, 570n

Northern Antiquities, 595

Annales of England (Francis Godwin), 595

Annapolis Convention (1786), 14, 155n, 190-1

Antifederalists, 621

Apology (Benjamin H. Latrobe), 225-6n

Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family:

as revision of Notes on Virginia, 7, 8, 264, 392, 419

S. T. Mason's text of Logan's speech, 38-9

documents printed in, 102n, 103n, 286n, 287n, 310n, 512n

TJ collects, verifies information for, 165

TJ's use of evidence challenged, 515n

Archer, Mary Bolling (Polly, TJ's niece), 346, 367

Argus (New York), 217

Ariosto, 597n

Armstrong, John, 506, 508

Arnold, Benedict, 518

Arnold, Samuel:

and work at Monticello, 114, 145, 312

TJ's instructions for, 269, 271

letters from cited, 270n

letters to cited, 270n

artisans:

shortage of blacksmiths in Va., 28, 145, 183

coopers, 104, 350, 375

housejoiners, sawyers at Monticello, 269-71

tailors, shoemakers, 559

carpenters, rates of, 606, 619

Asia: British excluded from ports of, 458

asses: and farm implements, 199, 208n

Association for Promoting the Discovery of the Interior Parts of Africa, 154n

astronomy: information from Europe, viii, 160-2, 178

Astronomy Explained upon Sir Isaac Newton's Principles (James Ferguson), 594

Astyanax, xli

atheism, 60

Atkyns, John Tracy: Reports of Cases, 594

attorneys, 128

Aupaumut, Hendrick, 249n

Aurora (Philadelphia):

mocked in cartoon, xliii

prints Hamilton's speech at Constitutional Convention, 14n subscriptions to, 25, 115, 183, 300, 614, 626

and Delamotte's Letter from France, 44-52, 245-6

covers Senate proceedings, 58-9

and TJ's comments on J. Wise, 99-100n

on politics of appointments, 112n

TJ's notes from, 125

prints pieces by T. Coxe, 168, 169n

prints president's message of 19 Mch., 191n

reports foreign news, rumors, 228n, 229n, 282n, 364n, 590n, 636n, 641n

publishes Senate bills, 324n

lambastes "Hail Columbia," 325n

publishes essays by "Sidney", 334-5n

and Alien and Sedition Acts, 341, 344, 395n, 667n

and Philadelphia election, 345n

viewed as TJ's mouthpiece, 439n

prints Callender letter, 523n

publication resumes, 583-5

prints Va. Resolutions, 590n

prints G. Logan's declaration, 611n

publishes Madison's essay, 619-20, 665

and Gerry, Talleyrand correspondence, 622, 624n

and "Junius" letters on Monroe, 637n

Austin, William, 524

Austria:

terms of Treaty of Campoformio, 11-12

peace with France, 124, 591, 664

and partition of Poland, 399, 400, 507, 508, 591

and talks of new coalition against France, 449-50

Azevedo, António de Araújo:

ordered to leave Paris, 11-12

and Portuguese-French diplomacy, 263, 267