"Jack A Dandy" (pseudonym)
letter from, 181
warns of "oriental Pride," 181
Jackson, Andrew, 178n
Jackson, Henry (Irish patriot), 411-15
Jackson, James
advises on appointments, 34-5, 128, 522, 523n, 606
criticizes B. Hawkins, 518-23, 541-2
and D. B. Mitchell, 34-5
letters from, 34-5, 294-5, 486-7, 518-23
letter to, 541-2
opposes Ross resolutions, 554n
recommends J. Wilkinson, 294-5
and road through Indian territory, 486-7
Jackson, Ward, 196n
Jackson, William
letters from cited, 120, 637
Jacobs, William S.
identified, 33n
letter from, 32-3
sends books to TJ, 32-3
jails
construction of, 371-3, 388, 419
Jamaica, 291, 292n
James, Thomas C.
identified, 373-4n
letters from cited, 374n, 636, 637
letter to, 373-4
and TJ's reelection as president of APS, 373-4
James River, 352
James River Company, 370, 456, 457n
Jamieson, Andrew, 485, 486n
Jarvis, Charles, 291
Jarvis, William, 323
Jay Treaty
and duties, 374
and extraditions, 23n
and naturalization of British citizens, 304, 305n
and naval prizes, 561
opposition to, 546
Jefferson (ship), 357n
Jefferson, George
forwards, receives letters for TJ, 6, 7, 104, 283, 300, 321, 335
handles shipments for TJ, 321, 480, 491, 549, 581
handles TJ's business affairs in Richmond, 59, 103, 114, 120-1, 137, 138, 149, 311, 335, 480-1, 555, 581-2
letter from cited, 480-1n, 639
letters from, 104, 114, 149, 283, 335
letters to, 103, 120-1, 300, 311, 321, 321, 480-1, 549, 581-2
Jefferson, Martha (Patty) Wayles Skelton (Mrs. Thomas Jefferson), 235n
Jefferson, Thomas
Agriculture
desire to become a gardener, xi, 417
exchanges seeds, plants with friends, xi, 64, 95n, 105n, 106-7, 125-6, 337, 416-17, 532, 534, 536, 538, 541n
farmers "the chosen people of God," 506, 507
moldboard plow, 128n
pecans, 64
U.S. an agricultural nation, 430, 457
Architecture
Halle aux Bleds, xlvi-xlvii, 124n
See also Monticello
Business and Financial Affairs
and A. McCall's claim, 35-6
borrows from banks, 560
buys corn, 62, 480, 481n
newspaper subscriptions, 112-13n, 369n
orders cider, 51, 234-5, 465, 480, 491, 543
orders iron, 463
repairs carriages and wagon, 213
and Wayles estate, 36n
See also Barnes, John; Gibson & Jefferson; Henderson lands; Jefferson, George; Monticello; Shadwell (TJ's estate); Short, William
Character and Image
children named after, 234n
friend to arts and science, 96, 220, 613
friend to humanity, 180, 181
institutions named after, xi, 186-8, 613-14
places named after, 589
popularity of, in western states, 337
portrayed as Satan, demon, l-lii, 322 (illus.)
will accept no gifts while in public office, 561
Correspondence
keeps incoming mail confidential, 583
letters made public, 8n, 11n, 578-9n
official vs. unofficial, 590, 592
receives anonymous letters, 117, 181, 364-6, 438-40, 637
seeks more communication with his grandchildren, 405
too busy to write often, 418, 451, 456
uses caution, disguise in writing, sending letters, 139, 431, 592, 613
writes, copies own letters, 597
Educational Theories
education essential to free society, 613-14
and Genevan academy, 456-7
and grandchildren's education, 562
on learning foreign languages, 9-10, 30-1
Library
avoids translations, 12, 60-1
books borrowed from, 559
books obtained for, 12-13, 73, 108-10, 128, 367, 385, 390-1, 420, 421, 448-9, 458-62, 510-11, 511-13, 533-4, 534, 537-8, 540n, 567, 604, 605n, 609-10, 619-20
book subscriptions, 10
collection becoming too large, 458
and Encyclopédie méthodique, 458, 459-62
exchanges books with grandchildren, 588
maps, 619, 620n
neologies, 370-1n, 382
offered books from Franklin's library, 419-21, 447, 448-9, 511-13
others granted access to, 434n
sold to Library of Congress, 462n
Va. newspaper holdings, 559
Va. state papers in, 559
Minister to France
and Cathalans, 468, 469n
and Czartoryski, 540n
and Mounier, 12n
and Poellnitz, 89n
Nailery
declining business of, x, 114
nailrod and iron stock for, 114-15, 172-3, 321, 480
sale of nails, 200n
size, types of nails, 98
slave boys work in, 98, 99, 115n
Opinions
advice on career paths, 392-3
cities and country like distinct nations, 457
on damage claims against U.S., 564
flowers preferable to trees for an aging gardener, xi, 417
on French Revolution, 418
on future of France, 83
literary pursuits preferable to political pursuits, 451
newspapers, 553
public debt a "moral canker," 166
secretary of legation a diplomatic apprenticeship, 383, 392
U.S. an agricultural nation, 430, 457
Patronage and Appointments
difficulty of making appointments and removals, 133
Federalists criticize, 485
lists of appointments and removals, 130-3, 143, 631-5
public office corrupting, 553
reduction of useless offices, 24n, 67, 552-3
refuses to exhibit recommendations to the Senate, 490, 493, 494n
relies on friends, congressmen for advice on, 34, 128, 133, 149, 154-5, 358, 490, 522, 585-6, 606
removals due to misconduct and delinquency, 155n, 358, 634, 635
removals for electioneering, 154, 358, 547
Republicans entitled to share of offices, 9, 135, 546-7
Senate as check on presidential bias, 490
sends blank, signed commissions, 585-6
sends nominations to the Senate, 175, 182, 312-13, 313-16, 316, 436-8, 524, 614-15
See also bankruptcy commissioners
Personal Affairs
attends horse races, xi, 267n
expense of outfit in Washington, 62
and family's visit to Washington, ix-x, xlvii-xlviii, 3n, 58n, 61, 64, 310n, 343
gives money in charity, xi, 69n, 103, 114, 137-8, 188, 243, 311-12, 393, 616-17, 641-2, 643
health of, 48, 524n, 548, 599-600
invites family to Washington, 343
loans money, 221, 433, 434n
orders wine, x-xi, 321, 323, 370, 462, 465, 469, 471, 480, 543, 556, 593
plans retirement, xi, 417
private secretary, 363n, 597-8
receives gift of wine, 50, 121, 127-8
receives sculpture, statuary, 228-9, 475, 561-2
sends dinner invitations, 33, 106, 241, 272, 368, 398, 415, 451
shirts for, 405
strangers ask for money, 32, 111-12, 438-40, 440-1, 441-2
subscribes to dancing assemblies, xi, 642
too busy for pleasurable pursuits, 331
See also Kosciuszko, Tadeusz; President's House
Political Theories
and acquisition of new territory, 328
economy in public expense, 165-6, 168, 240, 329-30, 430, 451, 457
on entangling foreign alliances, 329, 452, 466, 623
favors self-government in the territories, 177
foundations for self-government, 86
freedom of the press, 83, 457, 553
on French character and republicanism, 83
majority and minority rights, 501
militia preferable to standing armies, 579-80
strength of republican government, 83-4, 240
will not be seduced by power, 240
Politics
and election of 1804, 552
Federalist editors destroy press credibility, 553
Federalist leaders incurable, isolated, 135, 418, 451, 467, 547
Federalists oppose any Republican proposals, 133
and letter to the National Institute, 8n
sessions of Congress too long, 243
and T. Paine, l-lii, 117, 322n, 331
Portraits
Ceracchi's bust of, 45n
Houdon's plaster bust of, 383, 384n
political cartoons, l-lii, 322 (illus.)
President
assesses B. Hawkins, 541-2
and Barbary affairs, 565, 568
cabinet meetings, 241, 305n
calls for reconciliation and harmony, 9, 467
chooses Monroe as special envoy, 306, 312-13, 320-1, 322, 328-31, 338, 341, 348, 417, 419, 429, 498-9
conferences with Indian delegations, 286-90, 514-18
considers New Orleans situation a "crisis," 429
consults cabinet about purchase of New Orleans and Florida, 241, 302-5
contingent expense fund, 357-8
corresponds with Indian leaders, 496-7, 500-2
and countervailing, discriminating duties, 163
directs Indian policy, vii, viii-ix, xlviii, 164-5, 231-4, 327-8, 350-5, 401, 493-4, 529-30, 541-2, 547-9, 566-7, 590-3, 624
discharge of public debt, 82, 83-4, 165-6, 168, 430
and District of Columbia, 335-6, 388-9
expectations for resolution of situation at New Orleans, 139, 179, 240, 338, 341, 391, 402, 452, 466, 579-80
and Florida, 241, 312-13, 320-1, 430, 446n, 499n, 623
and Indiana Terr., 165, 177
Indian land title issues, 255, 379-81
issues pardons, 37, 267, 308, 309n, 360, 361n, 404
little need for new legislation, 86, 133
and marine hospitals, 205
and military expenditures, 167-8, 348-50, 376, 379n
military reductions, reorganization, 568
and militia, 167, 271-2, 579-80, 611, 617
and the Mint, 318
and Miss. Terr., 164-5, 240, 243, 613
and Morocco, 493, 494n
and navy affairs, 167-8, 348-50, 366-7, 376, 379n, 385, 565, 568
opposes issuance of ship passports, 113, 119-20, 217
plan for consolidating western settlement, securing frontier, 164-5, 231-2, 351-2, 401-2, 430, 529, 530n, 624
and presents from foreign governments, 253-4n
proposed dry dock at Washington, vii, xlv-xlvii, 4, 15-17, 167-8, 173-4, 225, 243, 398n, 488
proposes western expedition, ix, 342-3, 352-4, 584, 588-9, 598-9, 601-2, 618
public support for New Orleans policy, 236-7, 336-7, 409-10
reduces diplomatic establishment, 329-30
refers Hendrick claim to cabinet, 493, 495n, 560-1, 564-5, 573-5
reformation of collection laws, 264n
and regulation of the Mississippi trade, 387
relations with France, vii, 163-4, 428-31, 444-6, 452
relations with Spain, 179, 428-9
removes St. Clair, 65-6
repeal of internal taxes, 165-6
responds to rumor of expedition against New Orleans, 481-2, 493, 494n
responds to termination of right of deposit, vii-viii, xlv, 208, 236-8, 241, 306, 312-13, 320-1, 328-31, 347-8, 351, 428-9, 444-6, 468, 493, 494n, 552, 623-4
and seamen discharged in foreign ports, 163, 357
submits Indian treaties to Senate, 60, 221-4, 279-80
suppression of slave trade, 158
and Tripoli, vii, 164, 167, 495n
view of retrocession of Louisiana to France, vii, 86, 163-4, 312-13
See also Annual Message to Congress (1802)
Religion
accused of not supporting religion, 387
criticized for not observing Sabbath, 154n
and freedom of religion, 419
gives thanks to God, 162
and Indians, 290n
portrayed as Satan, demon, l-lii, 322 (illus.)
Va. act for religious freedom, 92n
Scientific Interests
botany, 417
critical of term "man in the state of nature," 576
criticism of, 578-9n
dry docks, xlv-xlvii, 4, 15-17, 167-8, 173-4
icehouses, 129-30
Indian language, 601, 623
lifeboats, 11
mammoth, 576
mastodons, 144-5, 383, 577
medicine, 385
megalonyx, 33n, 144, 145n, 576, 578n
megatherium, 576
military science, 145-6
physiognotrace, 383-4
promotion of science, 456, 463-4
and R. Claiborne's boat propulsion system, 140
races of men, 576, 578n
sends natural history specimens to Buffon, 577, 578n, 579n
smallpox vaccination, 113, 129, 615-16
textile manufacturing, 525-6
too busy for scientific, literary studies, 331
urban planning, 589-90, 592-3n
western exploration, 352-3, 576, 584, 588-9, 598-9, 601-2, 618
yellow fever, 589-90, 592-3n
zeal for science unabated, 373
See also American Philosophical Society; France: National Institute of Arts and Sciences
Slaveholder
boys work in nailery, 98, 99, 115n
health of slaves, 48, 49n
hires slave labor, 61, 62, 172n, 323, 480, 481n, 483-4, 560
purchases slaves, 310n
and removal of condemned slaves from Va., 67-8, 184-5
Travel
between Monticello and Washington, 338-9, 383, 405, 482, 549, 560n, 562, 584, 588, 597-8, 627
Vice President
and W. S. Smith nomination, 490, 491n
Writings
Circular to the Governors of the States, 579-80
List of French Wines, 471
List of Groceries for Monticello, 463
lists of appointments and removals, 131n, 143n, 631-5
notes on G. Dashiell, 157n
Notes on Navy Appropriations for 1803, 348-50
Proclamation Extending Building Regulations in the City of Washington, 335-6
Topics for Consultation with Heads of Departments, 493-6
See also Annual Message to Congress (1802); Declaration of Independence; Manual of Parliamentary Practice; Notes on the State of Virginia
Jefferson, Fort, 141-2
Jefferson Monticello Academy (S.C.), xi, 186-8, 613-14, 616-17
Jenkins, Thomas, 155n
Jenner, Edward, 220n, 616
Jenyns, Soame
On the Immortality of the Soul, 620n
Jesus, 339-41
Jewitt, James, 415n
Jews, 121n
Joan of Arc, 110n
John (sailor)
letter from cited, 638
Johnson, Charles, 410n
Johnson, John (Va.), 46-7
Johnson, Mr., 639
Johnson, Thomas de Mattos, 158n
Johnston, Fort, 91
Jones, Ann, 641-2
Jones, Benjamin
identified, 115n
letter to, 114-15
partner in Jones & Howell, 172
payments to, 114-15
Jones, Edward, 631, 634, 635n
Jones, Horatio, 222n
Jones, Hugh (mariner), 23n
Jones, John C., 314
Jones, John Rice, 76, 78n, 227, 229-31
Jones, Meriwether, 327, 328n
Jones, Skelton, 434n
Jones, William (Pa.)
advises on appointments, 143-4
invited to dine with TJ, 451
letter from, 143-4
letter to, 451
as reference, 274
Jones & Howell
identified, 172-3n
letters from cited, 115n, 321n, 637, 638, 640
letters to, 172-3, 463
TJ orders iron from, 172-3, 321, 463, 480
Jones & Kain
account with TJ, 213
Jouett, Charles, 258n
Journal of Andrew Ellicott, Late Commissioner on Behalf of the United States (Andrew Ellicott), 282
Judd, Eben W., 346n
Judd, William
appointed bankruptcy commissioner, 92-3, 133, 260, 632
letter to, 8-9
thanked by TJ, 8-9
Judiciary Act (1802), 333n, 543, 553
See also bankruptcy commissioners
Julius Capitolinus, 42, 44, 45n
jury packing, 150-1