"Jack A Dandy" (pseudonym)

letter from, 181

warns of "oriental Pride," 181

Jackson, Andrew, 178n

Jackson, Henry (Irish patriot), 411-15

Jackson, James

advises on appointments, 34-5, 128, 522, 523n, 606

criticizes B. Hawkins, 518-23, 541-2

and D. B. Mitchell, 34-5

letters from, 34-5, 294-5, 486-7, 518-23

letter to, 541-2

opposes Ross resolutions, 554n

recommends J. Wilkinson, 294-5

and road through Indian territory, 486-7

Jackson, Ward, 196n

Jackson, William

letters from cited, 120, 637

Jacobs, William S.

identified, 33n

letter from, 32-3

sends books to TJ, 32-3

jails

construction of, 371-3, 388, 419

Jamaica, 291, 292n

James, Thomas C.

identified, 373-4n

letters from cited, 374n, 636, 637

letter to, 373-4

and TJ's reelection as president of APS, 373-4

James River, 352

James River Company, 370, 456, 457n

Jamieson, Andrew, 485, 486n

Jarvis, Charles, 291

Jarvis, William, 323

Jay Treaty

and duties, 374

and extraditions, 23n

and naturalization of British citizens, 304, 305n

and naval prizes, 561

opposition to, 546

Jefferson (ship), 357n

Jefferson, George

forwards, receives letters for TJ, 6, 7, 104, 283, 300, 321, 335

handles shipments for TJ, 321, 480, 491, 549, 581

handles TJ's business affairs in Richmond, 59, 103, 114, 120-1, 137, 138, 149, 311, 335, 480-1, 555, 581-2

letter from cited, 480-1n, 639

letters from, 104, 114, 149, 283, 335

letters to, 103, 120-1, 300, 311, 321, 321, 480-1, 549, 581-2

Jefferson, Martha (Patty) Wayles Skelton (Mrs. Thomas Jefferson), 235n

Jefferson, Thomas

Agriculture

desire to become a gardener, xi, 417

exchanges seeds, plants with friends, xi, 64, 95n, 105n, 106-7, 125-6, 337, 416-17, 532, 534, 536, 538, 541n

farmers "the chosen people of God," 506, 507

moldboard plow, 128n

pecans, 64

U.S. an agricultural nation, 430, 457

Architecture

Halle aux Bleds, xlvi-xlvii, 124n

See also Monticello

Business and Financial Affairs

and A. McCall's claim, 35-6

borrows from banks, 560

buys corn, 62, 480, 481n

newspaper subscriptions, 112-13n, 369n

orders cider, 51, 234-5, 465, 480, 491, 543

orders iron, 463

repairs carriages and wagon, 213

and Wayles estate, 36n

See also Barnes, John; Gibson & Jefferson; Henderson lands; Jefferson, George; Monticello; Shadwell (TJ's estate); Short, William

Character and Image

children named after, 234n

friend to arts and science, 96, 220, 613

friend to humanity, 180, 181

institutions named after, xi, 186-8, 613-14

places named after, 589

popularity of, in western states, 337

portrayed as Satan, demon, l-lii, 322 (illus.)

will accept no gifts while in public office, 561

Correspondence

keeps incoming mail confidential, 583

letters made public, 8n, 11n, 578-9n

official vs. unofficial, 590, 592

receives anonymous letters, 117, 181, 364-6, 438-40, 637

seeks more communication with his grandchildren, 405

too busy to write often, 418, 451, 456

uses caution, disguise in writing, sending letters, 139, 431, 592, 613

writes, copies own letters, 597

Educational Theories

education essential to free society, 613-14

and Genevan academy, 456-7

and grandchildren's education, 562

on learning foreign languages, 9-10, 30-1

Library

avoids translations, 12, 60-1

books borrowed from, 559

books obtained for, 12-13, 73, 108-10, 128, 367, 385, 390-1, 420, 421, 448-9, 458-62, 510-11, 511-13, 533-4, 534, 537-8, 540n, 567, 604, 605n, 609-10, 619-20

book subscriptions, 10

collection becoming too large, 458

and Encyclopédie méthodique, 458, 459-62

exchanges books with grandchildren, 588

maps, 619, 620n

neologies, 370-1n, 382

offered books from Franklin's library, 419-21, 447, 448-9, 511-13

others granted access to, 434n

sold to Library of Congress, 462n

Va. newspaper holdings, 559

Va. state papers in, 559

Minister to France

and Cathalans, 468, 469n

and Czartoryski, 540n

and Mounier, 12n

and Poellnitz, 89n

Nailery

declining business of, x, 114

nailrod and iron stock for, 114-15, 172-3, 321, 480

sale of nails, 200n

size, types of nails, 98

slave boys work in, 98, 99, 115n

Opinions

advice on career paths, 392-3

cities and country like distinct nations, 457

on damage claims against U.S., 564

flowers preferable to trees for an aging gardener, xi, 417

on French Revolution, 418

on future of France, 83

literary pursuits preferable to political pursuits, 451

newspapers, 553

public debt a "moral canker," 166

secretary of legation a diplomatic apprenticeship, 383, 392

U.S. an agricultural nation, 430, 457

Patronage and Appointments

difficulty of making appointments and removals, 133

Federalists criticize, 485

lists of appointments and removals, 130-3, 143, 631-5

public office corrupting, 553

reduction of useless offices, 24n, 67, 552-3

refuses to exhibit recommendations to the Senate, 490, 493, 494n

relies on friends, congressmen for advice on, 34, 128, 133, 149, 154-5, 358, 490, 522, 585-6, 606

removals due to misconduct and delinquency, 155n, 358, 634, 635

removals for electioneering, 154, 358, 547

Republicans entitled to share of offices, 9, 135, 546-7

Senate as check on presidential bias, 490

sends blank, signed commissions, 585-6

sends nominations to the Senate, 175, 182, 312-13, 313-16, 316, 436-8, 524, 614-15

See also bankruptcy commissioners

Personal Affairs

attends horse races, xi, 267n

expense of outfit in Washington, 62

and family's visit to Washington, ix-x, xlvii-xlviii, 3n, 58n, 61, 64, 310n, 343

gives money in charity, xi, 69n, 103, 114, 137-8, 188, 243, 311-12, 393, 616-17, 641-2, 643

health of, 48, 524n, 548, 599-600

invites family to Washington, 343

loans money, 221, 433, 434n

orders wine, x-xi, 321, 323, 370, 462, 465, 469, 471, 480, 543, 556, 593

plans retirement, xi, 417

private secretary, 363n, 597-8

receives gift of wine, 50, 121, 127-8

receives sculpture, statuary, 228-9, 475, 561-2

sends dinner invitations, 33, 106, 241, 272, 368, 398, 415, 451

shirts for, 405

strangers ask for money, 32, 111-12, 438-40, 440-1, 441-2

subscribes to dancing assemblies, xi, 642

too busy for pleasurable pursuits, 331

See also Kosciuszko, Tadeusz; President's House

Political Theories

and acquisition of new territory, 328

economy in public expense, 165-6, 168, 240, 329-30, 430, 451, 457

on entangling foreign alliances, 329, 452, 466, 623

favors self-government in the territories, 177

foundations for self-government, 86

freedom of the press, 83, 457, 553

on French character and republicanism, 83

majority and minority rights, 501

militia preferable to standing armies, 579-80

strength of republican government, 83-4, 240

will not be seduced by power, 240

Politics

and election of 1804, 552

Federalist editors destroy press credibility, 553

Federalist leaders incurable, isolated, 135, 418, 451, 467, 547

Federalists oppose any Republican proposals, 133

and letter to the National Institute, 8n

sessions of Congress too long, 243

and T. Paine, l-lii, 117, 322n, 331

Portraits

Ceracchi's bust of, 45n

Houdon's plaster bust of, 383, 384n

political cartoons, l-lii, 322 (illus.)

President

assesses B. Hawkins, 541-2

and Barbary affairs, 565, 568

cabinet meetings, 241, 305n

calls for reconciliation and harmony, 9, 467

chooses Monroe as special envoy, 306, 312-13, 320-1, 322, 328-31, 338, 341, 348, 417, 419, 429, 498-9

conferences with Indian delegations, 286-90, 514-18

considers New Orleans situation a "crisis," 429

consults cabinet about purchase of New Orleans and Florida, 241, 302-5

contingent expense fund, 357-8

corresponds with Indian leaders, 496-7, 500-2

and countervailing, discriminating duties, 163

directs Indian policy, vii, viii-ix, xlviii, 164-5, 231-4, 327-8, 350-5, 401, 493-4, 529-30, 541-2, 547-9, 566-7, 590-3, 624

discharge of public debt, 82, 83-4, 165-6, 168, 430

and District of Columbia, 335-6, 388-9

expectations for resolution of situation at New Orleans, 139, 179, 240, 338, 341, 391, 402, 452, 466, 579-80

and Florida, 241, 312-13, 320-1, 430, 446n, 499n, 623

and Indiana Terr., 165, 177

Indian land title issues, 255, 379-81

issues pardons, 37, 267, 308, 309n, 360, 361n, 404

little need for new legislation, 86, 133

and marine hospitals, 205

and military expenditures, 167-8, 348-50, 376, 379n

military reductions, reorganization, 568

and militia, 167, 271-2, 579-80, 611, 617

and the Mint, 318

and Miss. Terr., 164-5, 240, 243, 613

and Morocco, 493, 494n

and navy affairs, 167-8, 348-50, 366-7, 376, 379n, 385, 565, 568

opposes issuance of ship passports, 113, 119-20, 217

plan for consolidating western settlement, securing frontier, 164-5, 231-2, 351-2, 401-2, 430, 529, 530n, 624

and presents from foreign governments, 253-4n

proposed dry dock at Washington, vii, xlv-xlvii, 4, 15-17, 167-8, 173-4, 225, 243, 398n, 488

proposes western expedition, ix, 342-3, 352-4, 584, 588-9, 598-9, 601-2, 618

public support for New Orleans policy, 236-7, 336-7, 409-10

reduces diplomatic establishment, 329-30

refers Hendrick claim to cabinet, 493, 495n, 560-1, 564-5, 573-5

reformation of collection laws, 264n

and regulation of the Mississippi trade, 387

relations with France, vii, 163-4, 428-31, 444-6, 452

relations with Spain, 179, 428-9

removes St. Clair, 65-6

repeal of internal taxes, 165-6

responds to rumor of expedition against New Orleans, 481-2, 493, 494n

responds to termination of right of deposit, vii-viii, xlv, 208, 236-8, 241, 306, 312-13, 320-1, 328-31, 347-8, 351, 428-9, 444-6, 468, 493, 494n, 552, 623-4

and seamen discharged in foreign ports, 163, 357

submits Indian treaties to Senate, 60, 221-4, 279-80

suppression of slave trade, 158

and Tripoli, vii, 164, 167, 495n

view of retrocession of Louisiana to France, vii, 86, 163-4, 312-13

See also Annual Message to Congress (1802)

Religion

accused of not supporting religion, 387

criticized for not observing Sabbath, 154n

and freedom of religion, 419

gives thanks to God, 162

and Indians, 290n

portrayed as Satan, demon, l-lii, 322 (illus.)

Va. act for religious freedom, 92n

Scientific Interests

botany, 417

critical of term "man in the state of nature," 576

criticism of, 578-9n

dry docks, xlv-xlvii, 4, 15-17, 167-8, 173-4

icehouses, 129-30

Indian language, 601, 623

lifeboats, 11

mammoth, 576

mastodons, 144-5, 383, 577

medicine, 385

megalonyx, 33n, 144, 145n, 576, 578n

megatherium, 576

military science, 145-6

physiognotrace, 383-4

promotion of science, 456, 463-4

and R. Claiborne's boat propulsion system, 140

races of men, 576, 578n

sends natural history specimens to Buffon, 577, 578n, 579n

smallpox vaccination, 113, 129, 615-16

textile manufacturing, 525-6

too busy for scientific, literary studies, 331

urban planning, 589-90, 592-3n

western exploration, 352-3, 576, 584, 588-9, 598-9, 601-2, 618

yellow fever, 589-90, 592-3n

zeal for science unabated, 373

See also American Philosophical Society; France: National Institute of Arts and Sciences

Slaveholder

boys work in nailery, 98, 99, 115n

health of slaves, 48, 49n

hires slave labor, 61, 62, 172n, 323, 480, 481n, 483-4, 560

purchases slaves, 310n

and removal of condemned slaves from Va., 67-8, 184-5

Travel

between Monticello and Washington, 338-9, 383, 405, 482, 549, 560n, 562, 584, 588, 597-8, 627

Vice President

and W. S. Smith nomination, 490, 491n

Writings

Circular to the Governors of the States, 579-80

List of French Wines, 471

List of Groceries for Monticello, 463

lists of appointments and removals, 131n, 143n, 631-5

notes on G. Dashiell, 157n

Notes on Navy Appropriations for 1803, 348-50

Proclamation Extending Building Regulations in the City of Washington, 335-6

Topics for Consultation with Heads of Departments, 493-6

See also Annual Message to Congress (1802); Declaration of Independence; Manual of Parliamentary Practice; Notes on the State of Virginia

Jefferson, Fort, 141-2

Jefferson Monticello Academy (S.C.), xi, 186-8, 613-14, 616-17

Jenkins, Thomas, 155n

Jenner, Edward, 220n, 616

Jenyns, Soame

On the Immortality of the Soul, 620n

Jesus, 339-41

Jewitt, James, 415n

Jews, 121n

Joan of Arc, 110n

John (sailor)

letter from cited, 638

Johnson, Charles, 410n

Johnson, John (Va.), 46-7

Johnson, Mr., 639

Johnson, Thomas de Mattos, 158n

Johnston, Fort, 91

Jones, Ann, 641-2

Jones, Benjamin

identified, 115n

letter to, 114-15

partner in Jones & Howell, 172

payments to, 114-15

Jones, Edward, 631, 634, 635n

Jones, Horatio, 222n

Jones, Hugh (mariner), 23n

Jones, John C., 314

Jones, John Rice, 76, 78n, 227, 229-31

Jones, Meriwether, 327, 328n

Jones, Skelton, 434n

Jones, William (Pa.)

advises on appointments, 143-4

invited to dine with TJ, 451

letter from, 143-4

letter to, 451

as reference, 274

Jones & Howell

identified, 172-3n

letters from cited, 115n, 321n, 637, 638, 640

letters to, 172-3, 463

TJ orders iron from, 172-3, 321, 463, 480

Jones & Kain

account with TJ, 213

Jouett, Charles, 258n

Journal of Andrew Ellicott, Late Commissioner on Behalf of the United States (Andrew Ellicott), 282

Judd, Eben W., 346n

Judd, William

appointed bankruptcy commissioner, 92-3, 133, 260, 632

letter to, 8-9

thanked by TJ, 8-9

Judiciary Act (1802), 333n, 543, 553

See also bankruptcy commissioners

Julius Capitolinus, 42, 44, 45n

jury packing, 150-1