Ibiza, 436, 634

icehouses, 129-30, 405, 642

Illinois River, 232, 233, 351, 352, 356, 494n

Illinois Territory, 293n

Ilsley, Isaac

mistakenly nominated by TJ as Isaac Ilsley, Jr., 437, 634

recommended, appointed collector at Portland, 415n, 438n, 485n, 490

recommended as bankruptcy commissioner, 612n

immigrants

Belgian, 33n, 275n

British, 49-50n, 102n, 478n

Canadian, 426n

engineers and mechanics, 259

French, xlviii, 89-90, 230n, 257

German, 95n, 135n, 137n, 450n

Irish, 254, 300n, 406n, 411-15, 556

rights and naturalization, 304, 305n, 411-15, 545

Saint-Domingue, 69n

Scots, 35n, 369, 416

Swiss, 95n

impeachment. See Addison, Alexander; Pickering, John

impressment, 23n

Independence Day, 98n, 107n, 582

Independent Chronicle (Boston), 604, 605-6n

India, 159-60, 325

Indiana Territory

advancement to second grade of government, 76-7, 176, 177, 226, 230n

attorney general, 78n, 228n

attorneys, 142, 148n

Cahokia, 144n

Clarksville, 141, 142n

education, 228n

French inhabitants of, 229, 230, 257

Illinois country, 227-8n, 230n

immigrants to, 77

Indian affairs in, 165, 170n, 227n, 228n, 232-4, 286-90, 297n, 355-6, 427, 437, 493, 494n, 590-3, 596

Jeffersonville, 589-90, 592-3n

judges, 76, 78n, 112, 142n, 148, 195-6, 229, 230, 231, 292-3, 437, 633

Kaskaskia, 144n, 355-6, 494n

laws of, 525

legislature, 297n

memorial from, 226-8

merchants in, 144n

petition from cited, 639

postal service, 144n

public lands in, 228n

roads in, 228n

suffrage in, 228n

suspension of slavery ban sought in, 226-8

Wabash saline, 16, 21, 24n, 228n, 287, 289n, 354-5

White River, 286, 288-9n, 297n

See also Detroit; Fort Wayne; Harrison, William Henry; Vincennes

Indians

Atakapas

language and religion, 269-70

Cahokias

land cessions, 232-3, 591-2

Cayugas

agents, 517n

Cherokees

boundary with N.C., 355

encroachment on lands of, 224n

land cessions sought from, 521, 529

road through lands of, 486-7, 493, 529, 542, 566-7

treaties with, 178n

and Wofford settlement, 493, 529, 542

Chickasaws

acculturation of, 351, 590

agents, 334n, 529, 530n

commissioners to treat with, 427

delegation to Washington, 530n

interpreters, 530n

land cessions sought from, 231-2, 351, 521, 522-3n

trading houses, 356

treaties with, 178n

Chitimachas

language and religion, 269-70

Choctaws

annuity, 280n

boundary of, 15, 20, 164, 170n, 279-80, 355, 356n, 401

commissioners to treat with, 427

convention with U.S., 279-80, 355

debts of, 529, 530n

land cessions sought from, 493-4, 521, 522n, 529, 530n, 591

language, 270n

road through lands of, 493

trading houses, 332n

Creeks (Muskogees, Muscogees)

agents, 519, 522n

boundary with Ga., 164, 169n, 223-4, 294, 355, 379, 380, 518-22, 529, 530n, 541-2, 548

Colerain treaty, 519-20, 522n

commissioners to treat with, 427

conferences, treaties with U.S., 223-4, 355

debts of, 381n

encroachment on lands of, 224n, 379-81

slaves owned by, 380n

and Spain, 380, 381n

Wind clan, 380n

women, 380n, 519

Culture

acculturation, viii-ix, xlviii, 231-2, 287-8, 289n, 350-1, 496, 516, 517-18n, 547-8, 590-1

alcoholism, 232, 287, 289n, 496, 515

children, xlviii, 322 (illus.)

clothing, xlviii-l, 322 (illus.)

language, 220n, 269-70, 601, 623

Mobilian trade language, 269-70n

religion, l, 269-70, 290n, 530n

women, xlvii-l, 322 (illus.), 380n, 519, 590

Delawares

attend White River council, 288n

and land cessions, 286-7

See also Buckongahelas (Delaware Indian)

Economy

changes in agriculture, 231-2

trade, 270n, 350-4

trade with Great Britain, 352, 353n

Hidatsas

trade with Great Britain, 353n

Iroquois (Six Nations)

agent for, 497n

council of, 497n

treaty of 1794, 515, 517n

Kaskaskias

land cessions, 232-4, 493, 494n, 529, 591-2

Kickapoos

boundary with other tribes, 233, 493, 529, 591-2

Koasatis

language, 269n

Mandans

trade with Great Britain, 353n

Miamis

attend White River council, 288n

and bounds of Vincennes tract, 286-7

See also Little Turtle (Miami Indian); Owl (Miami Indian)

Michigameas

land cessions, 232-3

Mohawks

in N.Y., xlix-l

Munsees

attend White River council, 288n

Nanticokes

attend White River council, 288n

Natchez

in fiction, xlix

Oneidas

acculturation of, 517n

agents, 517n

annuities, 516

in N.Y., l

sell land to N.Y., 221, 222n

Onondagas

agents, 517n

annuities, 516

Opelousas

language, 269n

Peorias

land cessions, 232-3, 493, 529, 591-2

Potawatomis

boundary with other tribes, 233, 493, 529, 591-2

Relations with Non-Indians

barred from voting, 622n

education, 517n

encroachment on Indian lands, 224n, 287, 379-81, 493, 529, 530n, 542

Indians' debts to whites, 380, 381n

intermarriage, 297n

Logan's speech, 290n

missionaries, l, 290n, 530n

murders, 287, 289n, 515, 517n

portraits of Indians, xlviii-l

romanticized images of Indians, xlix

smuggling, 324, 327-8, 501, 502n

whites captured by Indians, 297n

Sacs (Sauks)

subjugate other tribes, 232, 233n

Senecas

acculturation of, xlviii, 496, 516, 517-18n

agents for, 516, 517n

Allegheny River reservation, 496, 497n, 515-16, 518n

annuities, 516, 517-18n

Buffalo Creek reservation, 497n, 501, 515, 517-18n

case of Stiff-Armed George, 515, 517n

children, xlviii, 322 (illus.)

Cornplanter's Town, 497n

defy customs laws, 501, 502n, 517n

land cessions by, xlviii, 221-3, 496-7, 500-2, 515-16

Little Beard's reservation, 222n

political divisions among, xlviii, 497n, 517n, 518n

women, xlviii-xlix, 322 (illus.)

See also Cornplanter (Seneca Indian); Farmer's Brother (Seneca Indian); Handsome Lake (Seneca Indian); Red Jacket (Seneca Indian)

Shawnees

and Wabash saline, 355n

whites captured by, 297n

Stockbridge Mohicans

agents, 517n

annuities, 516

missionaries among, 530n

in N.Y., Mass., l

Tuscaroras

lands in N.C., 562-3

U.S. Indian Affairs

annuities, presents, viii, xlviii, 280n, 287, 342, 343n, 516, 517-18n

appropriations and expenditures, 25, 171n

attacks, threats, 591

blacksmiths for, 288, 289n, 516, 517-18n

defrayment of treaty expenses, 22, 25n

delegations must have passes, 517n, 530n

delegations visit Washington, 286-90, 297n, 514-18, 530n

encroachment on Indian lands, 224n, 287, 379-81, 493, 529, 530n, 542

enforcement of customs laws, 501, 502n, 517n

enforcement of states' laws, 515

and Federalists, 519-20

in Fla., 381n

and France, viii, 286, 290n, 497n, 518n, 521, 522-3n, 529, 530n, 591-2

and Ga., 164, 169n, 223-4, 294, 332n, 356, 379, 380, 486-7, 493, 518-23, 530n, 541-2, 548, 549-50, 566-7

and Great Britain, 290n, 352, 353n, 380, 381n, 501, 502n

in Indiana Terr., 165, 170n, 227n, 228n, 232-4, 286-90, 297n, 355-6, 427, 437, 493, 494n, 590-3, 596

Indians encouraged to run up debts, 232, 529, 530n, 590

interpreters, 296-7, 342, 433n, 517n, 530n

in Ky., 486-7, 549-50, 566-7

land cessions by Choctaws, 164-5, 279-80, 355, 401, 493-4, 529, 530n

lease, acquisition of salt springs, 165, 170n, 287, 289n, 354-5

in Miss. Terr., 15, 16, 20, 164-5, 231-2, 279, 355, 356n

and Missouri River expedition, 352, 353n

and N.C., 178n, 355, 562-3

in Northwest Terr., 15, 324, 327n, 427, 437

and N.Y., xlviii-l, 221-3, 496-7, 500-2, 515-16, 517n, 530n

in Ohio, 255n

in Pa., 496, 497n

presentation of treaties to Senate, 60

promotion of friendly relations, viii, 232, 286, 516, 541, 590-2

regulation of liquor sales, 232, 287, 289n, 353n, 496

reimbursement of travel expenses, viii, 287, 296-7

relocation, removal of, 591

roads through Indian territory, 486-7, 493, 520, 521, 529, 542, 549-50, 566-7

sale of land by Indians to U.S. citizens, 255, 287, 379-81

smuggling by Indian traders, 324, 327-8, 501, 502n

and Spain, 290n, 380, 381n

superintendents, agents, 258n, 289n, 334n, 496, 497n, 516, 517n, 529, 530n, 541-2

in Tenn., 332n, 356, 486-7, 549-50, 566-7

and termination of right of deposit at New Orleans, 351

trading houses, factories, 16, 21, 24n, 95n, 137n, 232, 280n, 332n, 350-4, 356, 541, 590-1

treaties, 60, 221-4, 279-80, 515, 517n, 562-3

U.S. policy requires acculturation, xlviii, 231-2, 287, 350-1, 496, 516, 547-8, 590

U.S. seeks land cessions, viii-ix, 231-4, 286-7, 289n, 350-1, 354-7, 437, 493-4, 529-30, 547-8, 590-2, 624

visits by delegations discouraged, 288-9n

See also Dearborn, Henry

Weas

boundary with other tribes, 233, 493, 529

Wyandots

lands, 255

Ingersoll, George, 298

Ingle, Henry, 641

Ingraham, Nathaniel (mariner)

letter from, 399-401

petition for pardon, 399-401

Innes, Harry

and judicial reform, 543

letters from, 148, 332-3

recommends aspirants for office, 142n, 148

suit against, by R. Morris and H. Marshall, 332-3

insurance, 115n, 118n, 300n, 401n, 436n

Iredell, James, 551n

Ireland

Catholic Church in, 557n

immigrants from, 254, 300n, 406n, 411-15, 556

rebellion of 1798, 411-15

iron, x, 114-15, 256-7, 331n, 463

See also Jefferson, Thomas: Nailery

Irujo, Carlos Martínez de

created marqués of Casa-Irujo, 293

letters from, 50, 121, 238-9, 293

letter to, 127-8

and rumors of attack on Louisiana, 481n, 494n

sends champagne to TJ, x-xi, 50, 121, 127-8, 238-9, 464, 499n

and termination of right of deposit at New Orleans, 72n, 179, 348

and TJ's proposed western expedition, 353-4n

Irvine, Callender, 496, 497n, 517n, 518n

Irvine, Henry, 299n

Irving, Peter, 364n

Isle of Man, 249, 259

Israel, John, 100, 102n

Italy

architecture in, 99n

and France, 194

impact of war on, 535, 539

weather in, 534-5, 538-9

See also Leghorn (Livorno), Italy; Naples; Rome; Sicily