Volume 44 Index
I
Iberville River, 47, 238, 309
ice, 66
illiteracy, 559
illness and disease
fractures, 13
ague, 33
fever, 33, 38, 142n, 154n, 226, 227, 263n, 303, 386, 408, 543, 695n
bowels, 97, 160
leg injuries, maladies, 162, 211, 212
cholera, 201n
syphilis, 263n
plague, 404, 405n
typhus, 405n
diarrhea, 521
insanity, mental illness, 545
suicide, 545n
headaches, 576
See also medicine; quarantine; smallpox; yellow fever
immigrants
Genoese, 18
Swiss, 18, 186n, 270-2, 325
Saint-Domingue, 19, 56, 185, 186n, 286-9, 351-4, 367
Scots, 22, 238, 309, 636n
Irish, 23, 71-2, 93n, 261, 331n, 698-9, 701n
French, 23-4, 110n, 143n, 193n, 195n
German, 62-3, 70-1, 186n, 502n
English, 88n, 238
cost of transportation, 270-2
benefits of immigration, 285
to Louisiana, 285
Italian, 316, 320, 321, 324
potential for further European immigration, 325
impact of European war on, 498-9
impeachment, 708n
impressment
by Britain, 85, 127, 218n, 224, 254n, 300-1, 354n, 580, 674-5
by Portugal, 85
by France, 301, 674-5
by Denmark, 301n
by Sweden, 301n
negotiations with Britain on, 433-4, 435n
Independence Day
celebrated by Chickasaws, 37-8
speeches, orations on, 86, 157, 173-4
celebration at New Orleans, 217n
Independent Chronicle (Boston), 54
Indiana Territory
Jeffersonville, 53, 54n
secretary of, 57, 689, 702, 711
Kaskaskia land office, 170, 476, 485, 688, 689, 703
Vincennes land office, 170, 485, 525, 688, 690, 703
immigrants to, 208
Louisiana District placed under jurisdiction of, 284-5, 633, 670
courts, 447-8
Indian affairs in, 605, 667, 682-3
descriptions of, 634, 642
sale of public lands in, 642
See also Detroit; Harrison, William Henry
Indian Camp. See Short, William
INDIANS
Caddos
delegation visits Natchitoches, 311-12, 364
establishment of trade, friendship with, 311-12, 339, 640
Cherokees
land cessions sought from, xi, 596
relocation, removal of, xi, 571
education of, 175, 178-9, 278
missionaries among, 175, 178-9, 278
road through lands of, 596
travel accommodations on lands of, 596
agents for, 650n
commissioners to treat with, 689
delegation dines at President’s House, 715
Chickasaws
land cessions sought from, xi, 571-2
relocation, removal of, xi, 571
acculturation of, 37-8
celebrate Independence Day, 37-8
intermarriage with whites, 38n
and Osages, 74n
delegation to Washington, 572n
Chitimachas
skulls of, 353-4n
Choctaws
debts of, xi, 283, 596-7
land cessions sought from, xi, 570-2, 596-7
relocation, removal of, xi, 571, 597
intermarriage with whites, 38n
travel accommodations on lands of, 570, 596
TJ’s notes on lands of, 572
trading house, factory, 606n
See also Homastubbee (Choctaw Indian); Puckshunubbee (Choctaw Indian)
Comanches
hatred toward U.S. encouraged, 339
Creeks (Muskogees, Muscogees)
conflict among, xi, 691-2
relocation, removal of, xi, 571, 597
Coweta town, 406n
road through land of, 460, 461n
scarcity of provisions among, 460
slaves owned by, 461n
commissioners to treat with, 688
Culture
hair styles, xlix
alcoholism, 78
collection of information about, 377-9, 484-5, 625
vocabularies, 625
Delawares
land cessions by, 605, 667, 682-3
Economy
fur and peltry trade, 597n
Foxes (Renards)
land cessions by, 524n
attack Osage delegation, 571, 572n
relocation, removal of, 571
white encroachment on lands of, 571, 572n
U.S. relations with, 597
Iowas
vocabulary of, 625
Kaskaskias
land cessions by, 667, 683
Mandans
agents for, 650n
Missouris
and Lewis and Clark expedition, 650
Osages
send delegation to Washington, xi, xlix, 54, 70, 72, 73-4, 78, 94, 100, 103-4, 148, 275-6, 522, 523, 572n, 656-7
and peace medals, xlviii, xlix
hair styles, xlix
promotion of good relations with, xlix, 78, 597
descriptions of, 70, 78
Big Osage band, 72n
divisions among, 73, 74n, 100, 103-4, 656-7
murders committed against, 73, 74n, 98-9, 571, 572n, 675
relations with other tribes, 73, 74n, 597
and Spain, 73, 74n
Arkansas band, 74n, 100, 101n, 103
Little Osage band, 74n
agents for, 100, 650n
enslavement of, 101
relations with the French, 101
trade with, 264, 523n, 656-7
and Chouteaus, 523n
conflict with eastern Indians, 571, 572n, 597
land cessions sought from, 571
See also Dog Soldier (Soldat du Chien, Osage leader); White Hair (Cheveux Blancs, Pawhuska, Osage leader)
Otoes
and Lewis and Clark expedition, 650
Pawnees
hatred toward U.S. encouraged, 339, 364
and Lewis and Clark expedition, 650
Piankashaws
land cessions sought from, 667, 683
Potawatomis
conflated with Piankashaws, 663, 667, 670
Relations with Non-Indians
enslavement of Indians, 101
Christian missionaries to, 175, 178-9, 278, 577-8, 588-9
education, 175, 178-9, 278
encroachment on Indian lands, 284-5, 571, 572n
theft, robbery, 285
histories of Indian wars, 377-9, 484-5
Indian title to “Sufferers’ Land,” 452-3
slave ownership by Indians, 461n
murders, 523-4, 656, 657
whites captured by Indians, 588-9n
Sacs (Sauks)
murder of white settlers by, 523-4, 656, 657
land cessions by, 524n
treaty with U.S., 524n
attack Osage delegation, 571, 572n, 675
relocation, removal of, 571
white encroachment on lands of, 571, 572n
U.S. relations with, 597
Shawnees
and white captives, 588n
Sioux
promotion of good relations with, 78, 597
trade with, 264
land cessions sought from, 571
vocabulary of, 625
U.S. Indian Affairs
relocation of eastern Indians to upper Louisiana, xi, 54, 284-5, 571-2, 597, 649n
U.S. seeks land cessions, xi, 12, 524n, 570-2, 596-7, 667, 682-3
peace medals, xlviii, xlix, 73, 74n, 96, 354 (illus.)
superintendents, agents, 6-7, 100, 650n
negotiations with southern tribes, 12
and western exploration, 99-100, 103-4
and public support for missionaries, 178-9, 278
roads through Indian territory, 184, 460, 461n, 596
trading houses, factories, 264, 311-12, 339, 570-1, 596-7, 650n, 663, 666-7, 670, 682
payment of Indian debts, 283
annuities, presents, 311, 364n
Spanish interference in, 339, 340n, 364, 535, 536n
jurisdiction of territorial courts on Indian lands, 447-8
Indian title to “Sufferers’ Land,” 452-3
travel accommodations on Indian lands, 570, 596
Indians encouraged to run up debts, 570-1, 596-7
promotion of friendly relations, 597, 666, 682
and Lewis and Clark expedition, 650
Wyandots
and white captives, 589n
Ingels, George
letter from, 481-2
acting superintendent of military stores, 400-2, 481-2
seeks appointment, 481-2
identified, 481n
Ingersoll, Jared, 456
Ingle, Henry
account with TJ, 61
Ingram, Dale
Historical Account of the Several Plagues, 404, 405n
Innes, Harry, 524, 526
Inquiry into the Effects of Ardent Spirits upon the Human Body and Mind (Benjamin Rush), 204, 205n
Inskeep, John, 357, 359
Institution Polytechnique (Paris), 67-8
Intrepid (U.S. ketch), 500n
Ireland
immigrants from, 23, 71-2, 93n, 261, 331n, 698-9, 701n
Irish, Nathaniel, 480
Irish language, 93n
iron
nailrod, 62, 482-3, 570
sheet, 342-5, 346-7, 399, 484, 599, 636, 695-7
price of, 343-4
manufacturing, 367-8, 390, 401
iron ore, 635
Irujo, Carlos Martínez de
letter to, 397-8
letter from, 356
consultation with TJ at Monticello, ix, 356, 397-8, 417, 423, 430-1, 647, 648n
dispute with W. Jackson, ix, 357-9, 369-70, 398, 466-7
and Madison, ix, 356
publishes letters in newspaper, ix, 466-7n, 508
and Nuestra Señora de la Merced, 25, 26n, 31-2
and Mobile collection district, 300, 301n, 349, 403, 507
criticizes conduct of C. Pinckney, 356
accuses TJ’s administration of desiring war with Spain, 358
TJ’s list of letters received from, 430-1
dispute with Cabrera, 468-73
health of, 495
returns to Washington, 495
and Kemper riot, 608
converses with W. Short, 647
and Spanish acquiescence to Louisiana Purchase, 684n
Irujo, Sarah (Sally) McKean, 356, 398, 431
Irvine, Anne Callender, 401
Irvine, Callender, 231, 400-1, 589-90, 598, 622-3, 730, 732
Irvine, William (Va.), 503, 518, 538
Irvine (Irving, Irwin), Gen. William
death of, 200-1, 204, 212, 213n, 220, 231, 232, 256, 264, 278, 302, 401, 481, 482n, 556, 589, 598, 622, 623n, 732
as navy storekeeper in Philadelphia, 341, 342n
Israel, Israel, 231-2
Italian Republic, 316, 320, 323, 331
Italy
wine from, 112
extreme weather in, 116-17
immigrants from, 316, 320, 321, 324
See also Leghorn (Livorno), Italy; Naples; Sicily