Volume 44 Index

Iberville River, 47, 238, 309

ice, 66

illiteracy, 559

illness and disease

fractures, 13

ague, 33

fever, 33, 38, 142n, 154n, 226, 227, 263n, 303, 386, 408, 543, 695n

bowels, 97, 160

leg injuries, maladies, 162, 211, 212

cholera, 201n

syphilis, 263n

plague, 404, 405n

typhus, 405n

diarrhea, 521

insanity, mental illness, 545

suicide, 545n

headaches, 576

See also medicine; quarantine; smallpox; yellow fever

immigrants

Genoese, 18

Swiss, 18, 186n, 270-2, 325

Saint-Domingue, 19, 56, 185, 186n, 286-9, 351-4, 367

Scots, 22, 238, 309, 636n

Irish, 23, 71-2, 93n, 261, 331n, 698-9, 701n

French, 23-4, 110n, 143n, 193n, 195n

German, 62-3, 70-1, 186n, 502n

English, 88n, 238

cost of transportation, 270-2

benefits of immigration, 285

to Louisiana, 285

Italian, 316, 320, 321, 324

potential for further European immigration, 325

impact of European war on, 498-9

impeachment, 708n

impressment

by Britain, 85, 127, 218n, 224, 254n, 300-1, 354n, 580, 674-5

by Portugal, 85

by France, 301, 674-5

by Denmark, 301n

by Sweden, 301n

negotiations with Britain on, 433-4, 435n

Independence Day

celebrated by Chickasaws, 37-8

speeches, orations on, 86, 157, 173-4

celebration at New Orleans, 217n

Independent Chronicle (Boston), 54

Indiana Territory

Jeffersonville, 53, 54n

secretary of, 57, 689, 702, 711

Kaskaskia land office, 170, 476, 485, 688, 689, 703

Vincennes land office, 170, 485, 525, 688, 690, 703

immigrants to, 208

Louisiana District placed under jurisdiction of, 284-5, 633, 670

courts, 447-8

Indian affairs in, 605, 667, 682-3

descriptions of, 634, 642

sale of public lands in, 642

See also Detroit; Harrison, William Henry

Indian Camp. See Short, William

INDIANS

Caddos

delegation visits Natchitoches, 311-12, 364

establishment of trade, friendship with, 311-12, 339, 640

Cherokees

land cessions sought from, xi, 596

relocation, removal of, xi, 571

education of, 175, 178-9, 278

missionaries among, 175, 178-9, 278

road through lands of, 596

travel accommodations on lands of, 596

agents for, 650n

commissioners to treat with, 689

delegation dines at President’s House, 715

Chickasaws

land cessions sought from, xi, 571-2

relocation, removal of, xi, 571

acculturation of, 37-8

celebrate Independence Day, 37-8

intermarriage with whites, 38n

and Osages, 74n

delegation to Washington, 572n

Chitimachas

skulls of, 353-4n

Choctaws

debts of, xi, 283, 596-7

land cessions sought from, xi, 570-2, 596-7

relocation, removal of, xi, 571, 597

intermarriage with whites, 38n

travel accommodations on lands of, 570, 596

TJ’s notes on lands of, 572

trading house, factory, 606n

See also Homastubbee (Choctaw Indian); Puckshunubbee (Choctaw Indian)

Comanches

hatred toward U.S. encouraged, 339

Creeks (Muskogees, Muscogees)

conflict among, xi, 691-2

relocation, removal of, xi, 571, 597

Coweta town, 406n

road through land of, 460, 461n

scarcity of provisions among, 460

slaves owned by, 461n

commissioners to treat with, 688

Culture

hair styles, xlix

alcoholism, 78

collection of information about, 377-9, 484-5, 625

vocabularies, 625

Delawares

land cessions by, 605, 667, 682-3

Economy

fur and peltry trade, 597n

Foxes (Renards)

land cessions by, 524n

attack Osage delegation, 571, 572n

relocation, removal of, 571

white encroachment on lands of, 571, 572n

U.S. relations with, 597

Iowas

vocabulary of, 625

Kaskaskias

land cessions by, 667, 683

Mandans

agents for, 650n

Missouris

and Lewis and Clark expedition, 650

Osages

send delegation to Washington, xi, xlix, 54, 70, 72, 73-4, 78, 94, 100, 103-4, 148, 275-6, 522, 523, 572n, 656-7

and peace medals, xlviii, xlix

hair styles, xlix

promotion of good relations with, xlix, 78, 597

descriptions of, 70, 78

Big Osage band, 72n

divisions among, 73, 74n, 100, 103-4, 656-7

murders committed against, 73, 74n, 98-9, 571, 572n, 675

relations with other tribes, 73, 74n, 597

and Spain, 73, 74n

Arkansas band, 74n, 100, 101n, 103

Little Osage band, 74n

agents for, 100, 650n

enslavement of, 101

relations with the French, 101

trade with, 264, 523n, 656-7

and Chouteaus, 523n

conflict with eastern Indians, 571, 572n, 597

land cessions sought from, 571

See also Dog Soldier (Soldat du Chien, Osage leader); White Hair (Cheveux Blancs, Pawhuska, Osage leader)

Otoes

and Lewis and Clark expedition, 650

Pawnees

hatred toward U.S. encouraged, 339, 364

and Lewis and Clark expedition, 650

Piankashaws

land cessions sought from, 667, 683

Potawatomis

conflated with Piankashaws, 663, 667, 670

Relations with Non-Indians

enslavement of Indians, 101

Christian missionaries to, 175, 178-9, 278, 577-8, 588-9

education, 175, 178-9, 278

encroachment on Indian lands, 284-5, 571, 572n

theft, robbery, 285

histories of Indian wars, 377-9, 484-5

Indian title to “Sufferers’ Land,” 452-3

slave ownership by Indians, 461n

murders, 523-4, 656, 657

whites captured by Indians, 588-9n

Sacs (Sauks)

murder of white settlers by, 523-4, 656, 657

land cessions by, 524n

treaty with U.S., 524n

attack Osage delegation, 571, 572n, 675

relocation, removal of, 571

white encroachment on lands of, 571, 572n

U.S. relations with, 597

Shawnees

and white captives, 588n

Sioux

promotion of good relations with, 78, 597

trade with, 264

land cessions sought from, 571

vocabulary of, 625

U.S. Indian Affairs

relocation of eastern Indians to upper Louisiana, xi, 54, 284-5, 571-2, 597, 649n

U.S. seeks land cessions, xi, 12, 524n, 570-2, 596-7, 667, 682-3

peace medals, xlviii, xlix, 73, 74n, 96, 354 (illus.)

superintendents, agents, 6-7, 100, 650n

negotiations with southern tribes, 12

and western exploration, 99-100, 103-4

and public support for missionaries, 178-9, 278

roads through Indian territory, 184, 460, 461n, 596

trading houses, factories, 264, 311-12, 339, 570-1, 596-7, 650n, 663, 666-7, 670, 682

payment of Indian debts, 283

annuities, presents, 311, 364n

Spanish interference in, 339, 340n, 364, 535, 536n

jurisdiction of territorial courts on Indian lands, 447-8

Indian title to “Sufferers’ Land,” 452-3

travel accommodations on Indian lands, 570, 596

Indians encouraged to run up debts, 570-1, 596-7

promotion of friendly relations, 597, 666, 682

and Lewis and Clark expedition, 650

Wyandots

and white captives, 589n

Ingels, George

letter from, 481-2

acting superintendent of military stores, 400-2, 481-2

seeks appointment, 481-2

identified, 481n

Ingersoll, Jared, 456

Ingle, Henry

account with TJ, 61

Ingram, Dale

Historical Account of the Several Plagues, 404, 405n

Innes, Harry, 524, 526

Inquiry into the Effects of Ardent Spirits upon the Human Body and Mind (Benjamin Rush), 204, 205n

Inskeep, John, 357, 359

Institution Polytechnique (Paris), 67-8

Intrepid (U.S. ketch), 500n

Ireland

immigrants from, 23, 71-2, 93n, 261, 331n, 698-9, 701n

Irish, Nathaniel, 480

Irish language, 93n

iron

nailrod, 62, 482-3, 570

sheet, 342-5, 346-7, 399, 484, 599, 636, 695-7

price of, 343-4

manufacturing, 367-8, 390, 401

iron ore, 635

Irujo, Carlos Martínez de

letter to, 397-8

letter from, 356

consultation with TJ at Monticello, ix, 356, 397-8, 417, 423, 430-1, 647, 648n

dispute with W. Jackson, ix, 357-9, 369-70, 398, 466-7

and Madison, ix, 356

publishes letters in newspaper, ix, 466-7n, 508

and Nuestra Señora de la Merced, 25, 26n, 31-2

and Mobile collection district, 300, 301n, 349, 403, 507

criticizes conduct of C. Pinckney, 356

accuses TJ’s administration of desiring war with Spain, 358

TJ’s list of letters received from, 430-1

dispute with Cabrera, 468-73

health of, 495

returns to Washington, 495

and Kemper riot, 608

converses with W. Short, 647

and Spanish acquiescence to Louisiana Purchase, 684n

Irujo, Sarah (Sally) McKean, 356, 398, 431

Irvine, Anne Callender, 401

Irvine, Callender, 231, 400-1, 589-90, 598, 622-3, 730, 732

Irvine, William (Va.), 503, 518, 538

Irvine (Irving, Irwin), Gen. William

death of, 200-1, 204, 212, 213n, 220, 231, 232, 256, 264, 278, 302, 401, 481, 482n, 556, 589, 598, 622, 623n, 732

as navy storekeeper in Philadelphia, 341, 342n

Israel, Israel, 231-2

Italian Republic, 316, 320, 323, 331

Italy

wine from, 112

extreme weather in, 116-17

immigrants from, 316, 320, 321, 324

See also Leghorn (Livorno), Italy; Naples; Sicily